Migraines + Tension Headaches

Question 1

what is the definition of a migraine

Answer 1

Complex neurological condition involving headache + other associated symptoms for 4-72hrs

Question 2

what are 4 other associated symptoms with a migraine

Answer 2

Photophobia

Pounding pain

Phonophobia

With/Without Aura

Question 3

What is Aura in migraines

Answer 3

Visual changes that occur in migraines

Question 4

What are 4 triggers of migraines

Answer 4

Caffeine
Bright lights
Trauma
Certain foods

Triggers are unique to everyone

Question 5

What are the 5 stages of migraine

Answer 5

Premonitory // Prodromal

Aura

Headache

Resolution

Recovery // Postdromal

Question 6

How long does the prodromal / premonitory stage last for

Answer 6

Up to 3 days prior to headache

==> Irritability // nausea // Vomiting etc.

Question 7

How long does the Aura stage last for in migraines?

Answer 7

1hr

Question 8

How long does the headache stage in a migraine usually last for

Answer 8

4-72 hours

Question 9

During the resolution stage, what typically happens?

Answer 9

headache can fadeaway either through:

Disappears by itself
vomiting / sleeping

Question 10

What 3 drugs are given in the acute management of a migraine

Answer 10

1) Paracetamol / Naproxen
2) Triptans => Sumatriptan
3) Antiemetics => Metoclopramide

Question 11

What is the mechanism of Triptans

What 2 actions does it do

Answer 11

Serotonin receptor Agonist

1) Reduces neuronal activity
2) Inhibits activation of pain receptors

Question 12

What 3 drugs can be given as a prophylactic treatment to migraines?

Answer 12

Propranolol (B-blocker)

Topiramate (Anti-epileptic)

Amitriptyline (Anti-Depressant)