Epilepsy & Seizures Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is deja vu?
Perception of familiarity with previously unfamiliar people or events
Perception of unfamiliarity with previously familiar people or events
Deja entendu
What is jamais entendu?
Perception of unfamiliarity with previously familiar auditory stimulus
Perception of familiarity with previously unfamiliar auditory stimulus
jamai vu
Neonatal Epilepsy Syndromes 5
Benign familial neonatal seizures
Early myoclonic encephalopathy
Ohtahara syndrome
Migrating partial seizures of infancy
Infantile Epilepsy Syndromes
Mnemonic:
DraW-A-BEBE
West’s syndrome Aicardi’s syndrome Benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy Benign infantile seizures Dravet syndrome
Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes
Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
Early-onset benign childhood occipital epilepsy
Late-onset childhood occipital epilepsy
Epilepsy with myoclonic absences
Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy of childhood
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Landau-Kleffner syndrome
Epilepsy with continuous spike and waves during slow wave
sleep
Childhood absence epilepsy
Progressive myoclonic epilepsies
Also called “fifth-day fits”
Benign neonatal seizures
Benign familial neonatal convulsions is an autosomal
dominant disorder caused by mutation of
KCNQ2 or KCNQ3
mutations impair potassium-dependent repolarization resulting in hyperexcitability
West’s syndrome is a nonspecific diagnosis referring to
the triad of
1 infantile spasms
2 hypsarrhythmia
3 developmental arrest
Aicardi’s syndrome is the X-linked triad of
1 infantile spasms
2 agenesis of corpus callosum
3 retinal malformations
Early myoclonic encephalopathy is characterized by
newborn infants with migrant focal myoclonic epilepsy
and progressive psychomotor abnormalities
Early myoclonic encephalopathy EEG findings
- Generalized or focal epileptiform discharges
- burst suppression which may evolve to hypsarrythmia later
- Myoclonus has no EEG counterpart
Epilepsy Syndromes which show burst suppression on EEG
Early myoclonic encephalopathy
Ohthara Syndrome
Epilepsy Syndromes which show hypsarrythmia
Infantile Spasms
West Syndrome
How to differentiate Early myoclonic encephalopathy from Ohthara Syndrome?
no myoclonic seizures in Ohtahara syndrome
Migrating partial seizures of infancy
Multifocal seizures, shift from hemisphere to hemisphere
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-dependent seizures (congenital
dependency on pyridoxine) is said to be because of
diminished activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD); leading to increased glutamic acid
Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy also known as
Dravet Syndrome
Dravet syndrome
progressive myoclonic seizures (begin mild, worsen over time, partial seizures develop later
progressive neurologic deterioration that may be secondary to recurrent seizures
refractory to treatment
benign rolandic epilepsy of childhood
Centrotemporal spikes on EEG
Early-onset benign childhood occipital epilepsy also known as?
Panayiotopoulos syndrome
Panayiotopoulos syndrome
Autonomic seizures and status epilepticus: commonly,
ictal vomiting, eye deviation; often progress to partial
clonic or generalized tonic-clonic seizures (often
nocturnal)
Visual seizures
Panayiotopoulos syndrome EEG
bursts or trains of high-voltage rhythmic occipital 1 to 3 Hz spikes & spike-wave complexes, localized to uni or bilateral occipital, w normal background, increases during NREM sleep, disappears with eye opening
