Episode 1: Majorship Flashcards
(55 cards)
Is a large molecule that forms by polymerization where monomer subunits from covalent bonds to make a polymer
Macromolecules
This biomolecules/macromolecules have only 4 number of calories it provides but they are only quick energy or can be utilized easily by our body
Carbohydrates and Proteins
This biomolecule/macromolecule provides the highest calories among other macromolecules (9 calories) that could provide long term energy storage that cannot be easily processed to form ATP to be utilized by our body
Lipids
It is the energy currency of the cell
ATP (Adenosinetriphosphate)
- He is the father of modern chemistry
- He generate list of 33 elements
- He also devised the metric system
- He discovered/proposed COMBUSTION (oxygen combines with other elements)
- He created the Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter which states that in any chemical reaction, mass/matter is neither created nor destroyed
Antoine Lavoisier
He invented periodic table and organized the elements by properties, arrange through atomic mass, and he predicted the existence of several unknown elements, and discovered 101 Elements
Dmitri Mendeleev
Discovere Polonium and Radium, and the first person to win the noble prize two times in physics and chemistry
Marie Sklodwska Curie
- Created the first atomic theory with his atomic model which the solid sphere of an atom he called it the billard ball.
- He stated in his theory that atoms are small, indivisible, can’t be divided, created nor destroyed
- He also stated in his theory that atoms arr identical, different elements has different properties, and atoms of different properties combine to form compounds
John Dalton
- He convinced that earth is planet and it orbit the sun and created the first model of the solar system
- Put forth the theory that the sun is at rest near the center of the universe and that the earth, spinning on its axis once daily, revolves annually around the sun.
Nicolaus Copernicus
- Refers to the model of the solar system where the Sun is at the center, and Earth and other planets revolve around it.
- It’s the opposite of geocentrism, which placed Earth at the center.
- This model, historically, was proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus and further developed by Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler.
Heliocentricity
Nicolaus Copernicus used circles to represent the orbits of planets, because planets didn’t appear to move in simple circles around the Sun, Copernicus, like Ptolemy, used small circles on larger circles to explain their complex paths, and this is called _______
Epicycles
This is the first model of the solar system which posits that the Earth and other planets orbit the Sun, with the Sun at the center of the solar system.
Heliocentric Theory
On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres
The heliocentric theory was first proposed by _____________ in the 3rd century BC, though it wasn’t widely accepted at the time. Nicolaus Copernicus later revived and popularized the idea in the 16th century, with further support from Galileo Galilei and others.
Aristarchus of Samos
-Derived 3 basic laws of planetary motion (describe the movement of planets around the Sun) discover that the orbit is not a perfect circle but slightly elliptical.
- realized that the optical speed of mars varies in a predictable way: Mars speeds up as it approaches the sun and slows down as it moves away.
Johannes Kepler
Kepler’s 3 Law of Planetary Motion
- This law states that all planets move around the sun in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one of the foci. What law is this?
1st Law: Law of Elipses
Kepler’s 3 Law of Planetary Motion
- This law states that An imaginary line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals. This means that a planet moves faster when it’s closer to the Sun and slower when it’s farther away.
2nd Law: Law of Equal Areas
Kepler’s 3 Law of Planetary Motion
- This law states that the square of a planet’s orbital period (the time it takes to complete one orbit) is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its elliptical orbit. Mathematically, this can be expressed as T² ∝ a³
3rd Law: Law of Periods/Harmonies
- He supported Copernican theory and described the behavior of moving objects, which he constructed his own telescope which magnifies distant objects to three times the size seen by the unaided eye. Later constructed telescope with 30x magnification
Galileo Galilei
- He believed that planets are spheres rather than just paints of light.
- He discovered that venus exhibit phases just as the moon does and Venus appears smallest when it is in full phase and this is farthest from the Earth
Galileo Galilei
- he discovered that the moon’s surface is not smooth, as the ancient had proclaimed
- The sun has sunspots caused by slightly lower temperature
Galileo Galilei
-He improved the design of the compound microscope which enabled him to discover cell
- He observed the cork that is made of tiny, hollow compartments or small rooms like “cells”
Robert Hooke 1665
He is known for coining the term “BIOTECHNOLOGY” in early 20th century.
Karl Ereky
It is the production of commercial products generated by metabolic action of microorganisms
Biotechnology
- It is a process which excited atom is struckted by photons and emits additional photons.
- Emitted photon has the same energy, frequency, phase and direction, as the original interacting photon
Stimulated Emission
