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MSK Exam 1 > Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelial Tissue Characteristics

A 
Cellularity
polarity
attachment
Avascular 
innervation
and regeneration

sheets sit on a basement membrane
-semipermeable filter allows passage of nutrients and substances from the vasculature

Epithelium involved in secretion means they are glands

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2
Q

Epithelial Polarity

A

Apical surface: faces lumen of an enclosed tube or cavity

Basal: rests on basement membrane, anchors cell to underlying Connective tissue

Lateral surfaces:
communicates to adjacent cells

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3
Q

Tight/occluding junction

A

impermeable and allows cells to function as a barrier

encircle cells near their most apical surface

more of these mean decrease permeabillity

Proteins: Occuludins, and claudins

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4
Q

Gap/communicating junction:

A

Fluid filled channels that connect apposed cells

mediate communication

connexin aggregates

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5
Q

Anchoring junction

A

adhere something to the cell or cells together

Adherens
Desmosome
hemidesmosomes

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6
Q

Adherens

A

lateral adhesions involving cadherins that interact with the actin filament

trash bag

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7
Q

Desmosome

A

lateral adhesions involving cadherins that interact with the intermediate filaments

jeans pockets

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8
Q

Hemidesmosomes

A

basal adhesions involving integrins that lock intermediate filaments that anchor basal lamina

one rivet on basal surface

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9
Q

Food poisoning

A

bacteria target tight junctions in intestine impairing them which causes loss of tissue fluid leading to diahrrea

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10
Q

Gastric Ulcers via Helicobacter pylori

A

bacteria binds the Tight junctions in the stomach and increases permeability creating gastric ulcers

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11
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

autoimmune disease causing abnormal desmosome function which reduces the cell to cell adhesion and leads to blisters of oral mucosa

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12
Q

Basement membrane

A

specialized sheet of extracellular material

located adjacent to basal domain

selective barrier between tissues permits diffusion of nutrients

H and E stain

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13
Q

Apical Specialization: Microvilli

A

cytoplasmic process containing an actin core
used for absorption
increases surface area 20-30x
the shape and number correlate to the cells absorptive capacity

1mm long with up to 100k present on a single cell

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14
Q

Apical Specializations- Stereocilia

A

microvili of unusual length and lack of mobility
microtubule structure with actin core
increased surface area for absorption/ secretion
found in Epididymis
and hair cells of inner ear

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15
Q

Apical Specializations - Ciia

A

Long highly motile structures containing arrays of microtubules

Motile: beat in a wave like fashion to propel substances across the tissue
get rid of junk in lungs

Primary: immotile, function as chemosensors, osmosensors, mechanosensors

Nodal: Embyronic, have role in L/R axis

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16
Q

layer indication

A

name base on shape of apical level

one cell layer: simple
multiple cell layer: Stratified

17
Q

Shape of the cell

A

name base on shape of apical level

squamous cell looks like egg
cuboidal: looks like cube
Columnar: looks like column

18
Q

Simple squamous

A

lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
endothelium: lining of serious membranes
Mesothelium: lining of lungs, loop of henle in kidney, and various ducts

function: exchange, barrier and lubrication

19
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

found in kidney tubules, glands and associated ducts, terminal bronchioles, covering of the ovary

function: Absorption, barrier, secretion

20
Q

Simple Columnar

A

found in auditory tubes, uterus, oviducts, stomach, SI/LI, gallbladder

function: secretion and absorption

21
Q

Nonkeratinized Stratified squamous

A

LOcation is in the oral cavity, portions of the pharynx, esophogus, anus, vagina, urethra, cornea

Function: barrier and protection

lacks keratin on the surface

22
Q

Keratinized Stratified Squamous

A

Location: epidermis of the skin
function: barrier and protection

contains keratin on the apical surface

keratin works as a waterproof barrier

23
Q

stratifiied Cuboidal

A

location is in the sweat glands and ducts, ovarian follicles, salivary gland ducts

function: barrier and passageway

24
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated

A

location: lining of nasal, cavity, pharynx, trachea and bronchi
function: absorption and secretion, debris and particulate movement

contains cillia but is one layer

25
Q

Urothelium

A

Location: urinary bladder, uterus, urethra

function: barrier, distensible property

allows for distension
simple epithelium
clump back together when bladder is empty

26
Q

Mucous Membrane:

A

epithelial tissue that secretes mucus

lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages

27
Q

Serious membrane

A

epithelial tissue that lines internal body cavities

smooth two layered membrane
lubricated by a fluid derived serum
includes the peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura

Mesothelium: simple squamous epithelium that comprises part of a serous membrane

28
Q

Unicellular glands

A

simplest in structures
single, secretory cells distributed among non secretory cells

goblet cells: mucous secreting cell lining the intestines and respiratory tract

29
Q

Exocrine Gland

A

multicellular glands comprised of secretory cells grouped as an acinus

product secreted into a system of passage ways and go to ducts to be released

Parencyma: functional tissue of an organ and does not include CT and other supporting tissues

Stroma is the supportive connective tissue
derived of septa and capsules

30
Q

Serous Acini

A

produce water based product exocrine gland.

Parotid Gland

31
Q

Mucous Acini

A

produce a lipid based product

Sublingual gland

32
Q

Mucoserous Acini

A

makes both a lipid and a water based product

Submandibular gland

33
Q

Merocrine secretion

A

secretion is delivered in membrane-bound vesicles to apical surface and undergo exocytosis

34
Q

Holocrine secretion

A

secretion accumulates with in cell, apoptosis secretion and cell debris are released

35
Q

Apocrine

A

release of the apical portion of the cell surrounded by cytoplas, within a plasma membrane

36
Q

simple tubular

A

secretory cells from straight tube

can be coiled or branched

37
Q

Simple Acinar

A

secretory cells form saclike structure

can be branched

38
Q

Compound glands

A

branching ducts with numerous secretory portions: can be for tubular, acinar, or tubuloacinar

MSK Exam 1 (26 decks)

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