Epithelium

Question 1

Aggregated polyhedral cells

Answer 1

epithelial

Question 2

several types of fixed and wandering cells

Answer 2

connective

Question 3

elongated contractile cells

Answer 3

muscles

Question 4

elongated cells with extremely fine processes

Answer 4

nervous

Question 5

composed of closely aggregated polyhedral cells adhering strongly to one
another and to a thin layer of ECM

Answer 5

epithelial tissue

Question 6

functions of epithelium

Answer 6

1. Covering, lining and protection
2. Absorption
3. Secretion
4. Filtration

Question 7

a semipermeable filter for substances
reaching epithelial cells from below

Answer 7

basement membrane

Question 8

2 parts of basement membrane

Answer 8

• Basal lamina
• Reticular Lamina

Question 9

functions of basement membrane

Answer 9

• Physical support
• Cell attachment
• Filter
• Guides cell migration

Question 10

separates apical and basolateral membrane domains

Answer 10

tight junctions or zonula occludens

Question 11

major transmembrane protein of tight junctions or zonula occludens

Answer 11

• Claudin
• Occludin

Question 12

firmly anchoring a cell to its neighbors

Answer 12

Adherens Junction (Zonula Adherens)

Question 13

major transmembrane protein of Adherens Junction (Zonula Adherens)

Answer 13

• Cadherin
• Catenin

Question 14

resembles a single “spot-weld” and does not form a belt around the
cell

Answer 14

Desmosome (Macula Adherens)

Question 15

provides points of strong intermediate
filament coupling between adjacent cells,
strengthening the tissue

Answer 15

Desmosome (Macula Adherens)

Question 16

anchors cytoskeleton to the basal lamina

Answer 16

Hemidesmosome

Question 17

Major transmembrane link proteins of hemidesmosomes

Answer 17

Integrin

Question 18

Allows direct transfer of small molecules and ions from one cell to
another

Answer 18

Gap Junction (Nexus)

Question 19

major transmembrane protein of Gap Junction (Nexus)

Answer 19

connexin

Question 20

function is to increase epithelial cells’
apical surface area for absorption.

Answer 20

MICROVILLI

Question 21

increase the surface area available for
absorption; a motion-detecting function

Answer 21

STEREOCILIA

Question 22

long, highly motile apical structures,
larger than microvilli, and containing
internal arrays of microtubules not
microfilaments

Answer 22

Cilia

Question 23

Classifications of lining epithelia

Answer 23

• Squamous
• Cuboidal
• Columnar

Question 24

classifications of secretory epithelia

Answer 24

• Endocrine
• Exocrine

Question 25

are classified according to the number of cell layers and the cell morphology in the outer layer

Answer 25

Lining epithelia

Question 26

cell shapes of epithelia

Answer 26

* Squamous * Cuboidal * Columnar

Question 27

layers of epithelia

Answer 27

* Simple * Stratified * Pseudostratified * Transitional

Question 28

single layer of flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei; molecules can easily pass (diffusion, filtration); Secretes lubricating substances in serosae

Answer 28

simple squamous epithelium

Question 29

single layer of cube-like cells with large, spherical central nuclei; secretion and absorption

Answer 29

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 30

single layer of column-shaped (rectangular) cells with oval nuclei; Absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances

Answer 30

simple columnar epithelial

Question 31

all cells originate at basement membrane; only tall cells reach the apical surface; may contain goblet cells and bear cilia; nuclei lie at varying heights within cells; gives false impression of stratification; secretion of mucus; propulsion of mucus by cilia

Answer 31

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium located

Answer 32

ducts of male reproductive tubes and large glands; lines trachea and most pf upper respiratory tract

Question 33

many layers of cells but the apical part of the tissue is a squamous epithelium

Answer 33

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 34

contain the protective protein keratin

Answer 34

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 35

forms moist lining of body openings

Answer 35

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 36

Location of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 36

epidermis

Question 37

Location of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 37

esophagus, mouth, and vagina

Question 38

Basal cells usually cuboidal or columnar; Superficial cells dome-shaped or squamous; stretches and permits distension of urinary bladder

Answer 38

transitional epithelium

Question 39

Location of transitional epithelium

Answer 39

ureter urinary bladder urethra

Question 40

remain connected with the surface epithelium

Answer 40

exocrine glands

Question 41

lose the connection to their original epithelium and therefore lack ducts

Answer 41

endocrine glands

Question 42

most common method of protein or glycoprotein secretion

Answer 42

Merocrine

Question 43

releases the product and cell debris into the gland’s lumen

Answer 43

Holocrine

Question 44

release the product together with small amounts of cytoplasm and cell membrane

Answer 44

Apocrine