Epithelium and Membranes

Question 1

What are three features used to classify epithelia?

Answer 1

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 2

Tissue that covers a body surface , lines a body cavity, forms part of most glands is known as what?

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue

Question 3

What shapes of epithelial cells are found on the surface of epithelia and are one layer?

Answer 3

Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium

Question 4

What shapes of epithelial cells are found on the surface of epithelia and are many layers ?

Answer 4

Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 5

What are the two specialised forms of epithelia ?

Answer 5

Keratinised and non - keratinised

Question 6

What separated the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue ?

Answer 6

Basement membrane

Question 7

Which epithelial tissue lines the interior of the blood vessels ?

Answer 7

Simple squamous

Question 8

Which type of epithelial tissue specialises in moving particles across the surface and is found in airways and lining of the oviduct?

Answer 8

Pseudostratifed ciliates columnar

Question 9

What are the 5 functions of epithelium ?

Answer 9

Secretion and lubrication
Absorption
Protection
Transport
Sensation

Question 10

What are the 5 characteristics of epithelium?

Answer 10

Cellularity
Polarity
Supported by connective tissue
Avascular
Regenerative

Question 11

What epithelium lines the oral cavity ?

Answer 11

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 12

What epithelium covers the hard palate and the tongue and the external surface of the gingiva ?

Answer 12

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium covers the hard palate, external gingiva and some parts of tongues dorsum surface

Question 13

What epithelium is found within the salivary glands ?

Answer 13

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 14

What membrane is found inside the oral cavity and where is its lubricant formed ?

Answer 14

Mucous membrane
Mucous is formed from the epithelial exocrine glands

Question 15

What is is the function of an endocrine gland?

Answer 15

They release hormones directly into the blood stream allowing them to travel to cells around the body. They control growth, reproduction, metabolism, mood and organ functions

Question 16

What is the function of an exocrine gland and where are they found?

Answer 16

They release substances through ducts onto the surface of the body such as sweat, tears, saliva, milks and digestive juices.
They are in the stomach and intestines in gastrointestinal tract, salivary glands , pancreas and liver

Question 17

What specialisations are found on the surface of epithelial cells ?

Answer 17

Micro villi
Stereocillia
Cilia

Question 18

What is the function of micro villi?

Answer 18

They increase the apical surface for absorption

Question 19

What is the function of stereocilia?

Answer 19

They convert physical force from sound, head movement or gravity into an electrical signal known as mechanoelectrical transduction

Question 20

What is the function of cilia ?

Answer 20

They remove foreign particles from the epithelial surface and help substances move along the surface of the cell membrane.

Question 21

What is the structure of simple squamous epithelium ?

Answer 21

A single layer of flattened cells

Question 22

What is the structure of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 22

A single layer of cuboidal cells

Question 23

What is the structure of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 23

A single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide

Question 24

What is the structure of psuedostratifird columnar epithelium ?

Answer 24

They appear stratified because the nuclei of the epithelial cells are at different levels

Question 25

What is the structure of stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 25

Multiple layers where the top layer is made up of the columnar epithelial cells

Question 26

What is the structure of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 26

Multiple layers where the outermost is cuboidal

Question 27

What is the structure of stratified squamous epithelium ?

Answer 27

Multiple layers of cells that are flattened as they move from the basal layer to the apical layer

Question 28

Can stratified squamous epithelium be keratinised and non - keratinised Yes or no?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What is the structure of transitional epithelium?

Answer 29

Multiple layers of cells with the outermost layer having larger pear/ dome shaped cells

Question 30

What is the functions of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 30

They facilitate the transfer of materials across the epithelium

Question 31

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 31

Associated with absorption, secretion or excretion of waste material

Question 32

What is the function of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 32

Associated with absorption or secretion

Question 33

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 33

To provide protection from abrasion

Question 34

What is the function of cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 34

To provide structural reinforcement and protection

Question 35

What is the primary function of stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 35

Protection

Question 36

What is the function of transitional epithelium ?

Answer 36

Cells change shape during contraction which allows for stretching

Question 37

What is a membrane and its function ?

Answer 37

Sheets of tissue composed of cells that cover or line internal structures or cavities

Question 38

What are the four main membranes ?

Answer 38

Mucous Serous Synovial Cutaneous

Question 39

What is the mucous membrane and its function?

Answer 39

An epithelial membrane containing mucous cells that lines the body cavities that are open to external environment for protection. It is full of mucous glands that keep membranes moist

Question 40

What is the synovial membrane and its function?

Answer 40

They line the cavity of a freely moveable joint they nourish cartilage as fibroblasts release hyaluronan into the joint cavity which traps available water to form synovial fluid

Question 41

What is the cutaneous membrane and its function?

Answer 41

It’s also known as skin and is stratified squamous epithelial membrane is protects the body from pathogens as it’s covered in keratinised cells