EQ1

Question 1

% Oceans %icecaps %groundwater % lakes

Answer 1

97%, 2%, 1%, 0.01%

Question 2

What is flux?

Answer 2

Rate of flow of movement from one store to another.

Question 3

Inputs into drainage basin

Answer 3

Precipitation

Question 4

Flows

Answer 4

Interception. Infiltration and percolation. Groundwater flow, channel flow and surface run-off.

Question 5

What is percolation?

Answer 5

Movement of water through permeable rocks(deep) and soil

Question 6

What is through flow?

Answer 6

Lateral flow of water through slopes

Question 7

Outputs

Answer 7

Evotranspiration channel flow

Question 8

What is interception storage

Answer 8

Water that does not reach the ground and stays on the leaves

Question 9

Why is there high level of surface flow in the amazon?

Answer 9

The rock underneath is porous which means low amounts of percolation and thin soil means the water flows on the surface or very little on through groundwater flow

Question 10

What are the three types of rainfall?

Answer 10

Convectional,ornographic and frontal

Question 11

What is ornographic rainfall?

Answer 11

When the mountains block the clouds to go over and only one side of the mountains get wet which causes a rain shadow across the land after.

Question 12

What is frontal rainfall?

Answer 12

When hot air meets cold air. Warm air rises above cool air and then condenses forming clouds brining rain

Question 13

What is convectional rainfall?

Answer 13

When the sun heats the air above the ground causing it to rise which then forms clouds

Question 14

How does a monsoon work?

Answer 14

Happens when the sun heats up the water near the sea. As the land heats up quicker than the water it causes a high pressure on the sea and low pressure on the land. This means the clouds go towards the low pressure and deposit rain

Question 15

What is the water budget equation?

Answer 15

Percipitation= evotranspiration + storage + drainage(through streams)

Question 16

Local factors that affect drainage basin

Answer 16

Soil, climate, geology, vegetation and relief

Question 17

Name of the two parts of nile and origin

Answer 17

Blue nile (comes from high lands in Ethopia highlands) white nile comes from lake victoria

Question 18

Why is there sm water in the blue nile?

Answer 18

2300mm of rain, steep topography to water leads to river, highly pervious rocks, in the white nile the soil permeability is low so water flows

Question 19

What is pervious

Answer 19

It can allow water to flow through the cracks

Question 20

Types of aquifers

Answer 20

Confined where the water is in porous rock and there is non permeable rock around it and unconfined where the water runs free

Question 21

What affects input of water?

Answer 21

Proximity to ocean, mountains(rain shadow- ornographic rain), global latitude, seasonal ad intensity

Question 22

What affects water out?

Answer 22

Amount of vegetation(interception), climate change, type of rock(confined aquafier)

Question 23

Why might river regims vary between basins-

Answer 23

Seasonal variability(intensity), climate change, topography, higher temp means higher evapouration and lower discharge. If the area is made of permeable rock then the regime is very steady as the rock slowly releases water into the river from ground water storage. Deeper soil means more stable output.