EQ2 Flashcards
What are the three types of drought?
Meteorological, agricultural, hydrological and socio-economic time
What is meteorological drought-
When the long term percipitaion is low. It is area specific.
What affects meterorological drought?
Happens after low rainfall, high temp and higher evotranspiration. High temperatures, high winds, strong sunshine which are all causes of higher evaporation
What is agricultural drought?
Happens after a long meteorological drought. Not enough water for the crops.
What is hydrological drought?
Difference between surface and sub surface water. After a long time you see less water in rivers
What is socio-econmic drought?
Not enough water for the humans to use can be after a agricultural drought or due to overconsumption of water.
Example of meteorological drought?
2013 in California there was 34% lower water supply
Example of hydrological drought?
In California there was less groundwater and higher soil dryness plus 108 million trees died.
Example of socio-economic drought
38 million residents went through a 31 month drought. Power outages
Example of agricultural drought
Lower groundwater and agricultural was dependent on it
Human causes of drought in Australia
42% taken out the river. 90% of the vegetation removed since 1800s. 3,5 million people rely on this
How long was the big dry( Millennium drought)
12 years and 12% less rain
Physical causes of drought
Australia lies on a high pressure belt. (Ferrel cell). 94 of rainfall evapourates. El nino caused more dry conditions. Global warming
How much did suddam hussein drain the iraqi marshes?
Now only 10% of their orginal size
What did it cause?
Lower infiltration. Lower percipitaion. Evapouration increases. Species die. Flooding and soil erosion
