Equilibrium and acids Flashcards
(18 cards)
What does equilibrium mean?
The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction
How can you alter the position of equilibrium?
- Temperature change
- Pressure change
- Concentration change
What does it mean when the equilibrium lies to the right of the reaction?
The concentration of the products is greater than the concentration of the reactants
What does it mean when the equilibrium lies to the left of the reaction?
The concentration of the reactants is greater than the concentration of the products
What happens during the Contact Process?
- Sulfur burned in furnace to make sulfur dioxide
- Sulfur dioxide + oxygen combine to make sulfur trioxide
- Sulfur trioxide dissolved in water to make sulfuric acid
What are the uses of sulfuric acid?
- Paints and pigments
- Soaps
- Fertilisers
- Fibres
How can the equilibrium be moved to the right of the equation?
- Adding more reactant
- Removing product
How the equilibrium be moved to the left of the equation?
- Reducing amount of reactant
- Increasing amount of product
What happens if you increase the temperature during the Contact Process?
- Increases rate of reaction
- Reduces yield
- Moves equilibrium to left
What happens if you increase the pressure during the Contact Process?
- Increases yield
- Moves equilibrium to far right
What happens to a strong acid in water?
It ionises completely
What happens to a weak acid in water?
It partially ionises (reversible reaction)
What determines the concentration of an acid?
How many moles of the acid are dissolved in 1DM
What determines the strength of an acid?
How much it ionises
Why are stronger acids better conductors of electricity?
There are more hydrogen ions in the acid to carry the charge
When does a precipitation reaction occur?
When a precipitate is made by mixing two ionic solutions together
How can you make an insoluble compound?
- Mix the reactant solutions
- Filter off the precipitate
- Wash the residue in the filter funnel
- Dry the residue
What are halides?
Ions made by the group 7 elements (halogens)
