Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dermatology > Equine dermatology > Flashcards

Equine dermatology Flashcards

(48 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What should you think of with older horses with derm disease?

A
  • PPID
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you think with Quarter Horses with skin disease?

A
  • HERDA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

History questions for equine dermatology

A
  • Chronicity
  • Initial distribution (where did it start?)
  • Pruritic
  • Treatments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Things to screen for during physical exam of horses with skin issues?

A
  • Systemic diseases
  • Nutritional imbalances
  • Dermatological exam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Example history and PE of a horse with dermatophilosis

A
  • 6 yo QH mare
  • Winter
  • Crusts and alopecia - clumps of hair like a paintbrush
  • Very painful
  • Starts on the dorsum
  • Alopecic and non-pruritic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dfdx for generalized exfoliation and crusts

A
  • Dermatophilosis
  • Dermatophytosis
  • Contact dermatitis
  • Bacterial infections (NOT COMMON)
  • Immunologic
  • Nutritional
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Etiology of dermatophilosis

A
  • Dermatophilus congolensis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dermatophytosis etiology

A
  • Trichophyton equinum or mentagrophytes

- Microsporum gypseum or canis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which bacteria are most commonly responsible for bacterial infections?

A
  • Staphylococcus
  • Corynebacterium
  • Streptococcus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which immunologic diseases cause dermatologic conditions in the horse?

A
  • Pemphigus foliaceus
  • Equine eosinophilic dermatitis
  • Stomatitis Sarcoidis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which nutritional imbalances can lead to dermatologic conditions?

A
  • Zn
  • Iodine
  • Protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

First step for a scaling/crusting disease?

What are you testing for?

A
  • Saline mince prep of crust to test for dermatophilosis

- Stain with Diff quick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Second step for a scaling/crusting disease if the saline mince prep is negative?

A
  • Fungal culture for dermatophytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Third step for a scaling/crusting disease if the saline mince prep and fungal culture are both negative?

A
  • Biopsy and histopathology

- Testing for pemphigus foliaceus, bacterial folliculitis, granulomatous disease, others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What if all the ttests are negative?

A
  • Recheck diagnosis and repeat tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Locations of lesions in dermatophilosis

A
  • Black, gluteal area, face, neck
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lesions with dermatophilosis

A
  • Crusted, moist mats
  • Paintbrushes
  • Under the crust is a yellowish exudate
  • Painful
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Other clinical signs seen with dermatophilosis

A
  • Fever
  • Lethargy
  • Anorexia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

DIagnosis of dermatophilosis

A
  • Crust mince
  • Diff quick or gram stain: Gram positive
  • Railroad tracks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Treatment for dermatophilosis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Soak and remove crusts (PAINFUL)
  • May need NSAIDs
  • If severe cases, use antibiotics
21
Q

What type of scrub do you use to remove dermatophilus crusts?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Chlorhexidine scrub (2%)
  • Benzoyl peroxide shampoo
  • Once a day for a week
  • 2 weeks until resolution
22
Q

Case history and signs with an allergic reaction?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Shortly after arrival had a “reaction”
  • Not pruritic
  • Not painful to palpation
  • Urticaria
23
Q

Urticaria clinical signs

Pruritic?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Wheals and edema

- Variable pruritus

24
Q

Antigens for urticaria

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Hard to identify
25
Treatment for urticaria
- Hard to identify - Remove the cause if possible for 2-3 days - corticosteroids - Antihistamines (don't help much)
26
How long can it take for urticaria to go away?
- It can take 2-3 days
27
Typical signalment and history for hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA)
- 3 year old QH gelding - Healthy - Cutting - Beginning work under the saddle - Moderate to severe skin lacerations
28
WHo gets hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia?
- Quarter Horses from Cutting lines
29
Inheritance pattern for hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia?
- Autosomal recessives | - Both parents must be carriers
30
Testing for hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia? Sample type?
- Genetic tests available - Carrier vs affected - Hair with roots
31
What is the underlying disease with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia?
- Collagen defect (hyperextensible skin mostly on the dorsum)
32
When does hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia usually become apparent?
- Often when they go to saddle the horse
33
Diagnosis of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia?
- Clinical signs - Breed (QH) - Biopsy - DNA
34
Treatment for hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia?
- Nothing | - Often have to be put down
35
What are the four big categories for pruritic dermatoses
- Parasites - Allergies - Bacterial folliculitis - Fungal infections
36
WHat is the most common cause of pruritic dermatosis in horses?
- Insect bite hypersensitivity
37
Parasites that can affect horses
- Lice - Mites (draft horses) - Ticks (uncommon here) - Onchocerca - Habronema - Pinworms
38
When do most horses tend to get pinworms?
- During pregnancy
39
Insect-bite hypersensitivity time course
- Chronic and recurrent | - Often seasonal
40
Most common etiology of insect bite hypersensitivity
- Culicoides
41
What type of hypersensitivity is associated with Culicoides? - Cell type involved and cytokine involved?
- Types I and IV hypersensitivity - Eosinophils - IL-5
42
Complications of insect-bite hypersensitivity
- Secondary infections
43
Diagnosis of insect bite hypersensitivity
- Serology not useful - Intardermal testing has false positives - CLinical signs and seasonality - Response to management
44
Management for IBH
- Stable mid afternoon to mid-morning - Screens and fans - Fly sheets and fly masks - Environment (fly predators, traps, sanitation) - Long acting repellents (don't work for her) - Sheet blankets + repellent - Zebra coats may help
45
What topicals for IBH?
- 2% permethrin | - Cypermethrin
46
Medications to decrease pruritus in horses?
- Corticosteroids - Shampoo - Omega-3 fatty acids - Antihistamines not effective
47
Anti-IL5 vaccine for IBH prevention
- Not in the US yet - 47% horses improved their clinical signs by 50% - 13% of non-vaccinated horses improved - Costs a lot of money
48
What should you think in a horse with dermatoses in the white portion of the skin only?
- Think sunburn | - But also think liver disease!

Dermatology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions