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Brian's Practice Course > Equipment Operation - Notes > Flashcards

Equipment Operation - Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 choices of carrier gas in a gas chromatograph analyzer?

A

Usually helium. Neon is used when measuring lung volumes and diffusing capacity.

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2
Q

What gases does a gas chromatograph measure? How?

A

Ne - neon
O2 - oxygen
N2 - nitrogen
CO - carbon monoxide

The gases move through a separator column which makes the molecules exit at different speeds depending on their size.

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3
Q

Is gas chromatography capable of breath by breath analysis?

A

Yes. It is fast.

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4
Q

Is mass spectrometry faster than gas chromatography?

A

Yes.

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5
Q

Is mass spectrometry capable of breath by breath analysis?

A

Yes.

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6
Q

A separator column is associated with what?

A

Gas chromatograph

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7
Q

“infrared” and “chopper motor” are associated with what type of equipment?

A

Infrared absorption analyzer

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8
Q

What gases does an infrared analyzer measure?

A

CO, CO2, and methane (CH4)

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9
Q

Which type of lung test is best analyzed with an infrared absorption analyzer?

A

DLCO.

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10
Q

How do you calibrate an infrared analyzer?

A

Calibrate to room air and a known CO concentration (0.3%) then re-zero.

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11
Q

“thermal conductivity” “wheatstone bridge” are associated with what gas?

A

Helium.

Note: helium is inert and you should never use flammable gases for thermal conductivity.

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12
Q

A geissler tube ionizer is associated with what gas?

A

Nitrogen

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13
Q

Can a geissler tube ionizer provide breath by breath analysis?

A

Yes. It is fast.

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14
Q

How do you calibrate a geissler tube ionizer for nitrogen measurement?

A

Calibrate to zero N2 by using 100% oxygen, and then with a known nitrogen concentration.

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15
Q

What blood gas analyzer electrode measures PCO2?

A

The Severinghaus electrode measures PCO2 in blood gas analyzers.

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16
Q

A Severinghaus electrode contains a ___ spacer and a ___ membrane.

A

A Severinghaus electrode contains a NYLON spacer and a TEFLON membrane.

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17
Q 
Platinum cathode
Silver-silver anode
Polypropylene membrane
Polarizing voltage
Pumice for cleaning (because polypropylene attracts protein)

What electrode is associated with the terms above?

A

The Clark electrode, which measures O2.

18
Q

Clark electrode:

What type of membrane will result in insufficient diffusion of oxygen?

A

A mylar membrane

19
Q

Which electrode measures pH and requires a potassium chloride buffer (KCl)?

A

The Sanz electrode measures pH and requires a KCl buffer.

20
Q

What are the 2 electrodes contained within the Sanz electrode?

A

The reference electrode and the measurement electrode. The difference in voltage between both is proportional to the pH difference.

21
Q

What are the balance and slope (aka low and high) calibration values for pH on a blood gas analyzer?

A

Low value is 6.840

High value is 7.384

22
Q

What are the PCO2 calibration values (low and high) for a blood gas analyzer?

A

Low value is 5%

High value is 10%

23
Q

Name 2 CO2 scrubbers

A 
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Barium hydroxide (BaOH2)
24
Q

Sodium hydroxide changes from what color to what color when new/exhausted?

A

from light brown to white, or cream to violet

25
Q

Barium hydroxide changes from what color to what color when new/exhausted?

A

Barium hydroxide starts white and goes purple when exhausted.

26
Q

What do CO2 scrubbers produce when converting CO2?

A

Water. You should always place a dessicant (calcium sulfate “CaSO4” or “Drierite”) After the CO2 scrubber to soak up the moisture.

27
Q

A Fleisch pneumotachometer is also known as a ___ ___ tachometer, and is better choice than a Wright respirometer.

A

Pressure differential tachometer.

28
Q

A pediatric (aka, low range) peak flow meter measures what range of flows?

An adult (aka, high range) peak flow meter measures what range of flows?

A

300 - 400 L for peds/low range

600 - 800 L for adults/high range

29
Q

How often should you calibrate a volume measuring spirometer according to the ATS-ERS standards?

A

Daily.

30
Q

What is the ideal breathing pattern when using an SVN?

A

Slow deep inhalation with a brief breath hold, followed by a passive exhalation.

31
Q

If a patient cannot correctly use an MDI, what type of device should you recommend?

A

An SVN.

32
Q

A properly calibrated ECG should produce a __mm deflection with 1 millivolt, and should travel at a paper speed of __mm a second.

A

1 millivolt should produce a 10mm deflection (1cm) on an ECG tracing, and the paper speed should be at 25mm/sec.

33
Q

Why is lead II the best lead?

A

It fires down and to the left, just like natural electrical conductance in the heart.

34
Q

Where are the negative and positive electrodes in lead II (aka the best lead)?

A

Right arm is negative
Left leg is positive

current flows from negative to positive

35
Q

What “V” is the best chest lead? Why?

A

V5. It sits directly on top of the left ventricle.

36
Q

A water barometer is also known as a ___

A

U-tube

37
Q

Information systems equipment:

A ___ takes a flow signal and turns it into a volume

A

Integrator

38
Q

This chemical method of disinfection and sterilization is preferred for flexible bronchoscopes and reusable plastics (mouthpeices, tubing, nebulizers, humidifiers.)

A

What is Cidex (Alkaline glutaraldehyde)

39
Q

This chemical method of disinfection and sterilization is best used for blood spills.

A

What is bleach.

40
Q

Do not answer, just note the following:

Physical methods of disinfection and cleaning such as:

Steam autoclave
Pasteurization
Incineration
Irradiation

Are always the wrong answer on the exam.

A

Don’t forget…

Brian's Practice Course (32 decks)

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