Era Of One Party Dominance Flashcards
(14 cards)
Why did India’s leaders recognize the critical role of politics in a democracy?
After independence, Indian leaders acknowledged the critical role of politics in sorting out problems and pursuing the public interest.
When was the Indian Constitution adopted and when did it come into effect?
The Indian Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949 and signed on 24 January 1950. It came into effect on 26 January 1950.
When was the Election Commission of India established, and who was its first Chief Election Commissioner?
The Election Commission of India was set up in January 1950, and Sukumar Sen became the first Chief Election Commissioner of India. Its purpose was to conduct free and fair elections by drawing electoral boundaries and preparing electoral rolls.
Why was the first general election of India in 1952 considered a landmark?
The first general election of India in 1952 was considered a landmark due to its competitiveness, encouraging participation, fair results, and disproving critics who believed that elections should not be held in conditions of poverty.
What was the outcome of the 1952 election in India?
In the 1952 election, the Congress party scored a big victory, winning 364 out of the 489 seats. However, it was not in power in states like Kerala, Madras, and Orissa. The Congress dominated Indian politics due to its association with the freedom struggle, charismatic leaders, a broad manifesto, and its role in consensus-building.
Who became the Prime Minister after the first general election in India?
P. Jawaharlal Nehru became the Prime Minister after the first general election in India.
Who founded the Congress party, and when did it transform into a political party?
The Congress party was founded by Dr. A.O. Hume in 1885 as a platform to express discontent. It later transformed into a political party, functioning as a social and ideological coalition accommodating diverse groups and beliefs, even before independence.
What are factions within a political party?
Factions are groups formed within a party. The coalition nature of the Congress party encouraged various factions based on ideological considerations, personal ambitions, or rivalries.
What was the role of opposition parties before the first general election?
Before the first general election in 1952, vibrant and opposing parties came into existence as a representation token to maintain the democratic character. These parties kept the ruling party in check, prevented resentment, groomed leaders, and fostered mutual respect among Congress and opposition party leaders.
What is the origin of the socialist party in India?
The socialist party’s origin can be traced back to the mass movement stage of the Indian National Congress. It was formed in 1934 by Acharya Narendra Dev and later separated to form a socialist party in 1948, advocating democratic socialism and criticizing capitalism.
When did communist groups emerge in India, and what were their beliefs?
Communist groups emerged in different parts of India in the early 1920s with a belief in communism. The Communist Party of India was primarily secular, modern, and authoritarian.
Who formed the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, and what was its ideology?
The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was formed in 1951 by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. It advocated the ideology of one country, one culture, and one nation and called for the reunification of India and Pakistan in Akhand Bharat
When was the Swatantra Party formed, and what were its key principles?
The Swatantra Party was formed in August 1959 after the Nagpur Resolution of the Congress, which called for land ceilings. Its important leaders were C. Rajagopalachari, K.M. Munshi, N.G. Ranga, and Minoo Masani. The party emphasized a free economy with less government control and advocated closer relations with the USA.
What issue prompted the Bharatiya Jana Sangh party to advocate India’s development of nuclear weapons?
The Bharatiya Jana Sangh party consistently advocated India’s development of nuclear weapons, especially after China carried out its atomic tests in 1964.
