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Flashcards in Esophageal Diseases Deck (30)
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1
Q

Achalasia MOA?

A

Failure of relaxation of LES due to loss of myenteric (Auerbach) plexus

2
Q

What does Achalasia lead to?

A

progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids

3
Q

Patient only has dysphagia to solids what do you think of?

A

obstruction—solids only

4
Q

Patient only has dysphagia to solids and liquids what do you think of?

A

Achalasia

5
Q

Achalasia increases risk for?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

6
Q

MC 2º cause of Achalasia?

A

Chagas Disease

7
Q

What is associated with lye ingestion?

A

Esophageal strictures

8
Q

Dilated submucosal veins   in lower 1 ⁄3 of esophagus 2° to portal hypertension

A

Esophageal varices

9
Q

Esophagitis is seen in 3 bugs where?

A

Candida: white pseudomembrane;
HSV-1: punched-out ulcers;
CMV: linear ulcers

10
Q

nocturnal cough and dyspnea, adult-onset asthma?

A

GERD

11
Q

GERD MOA?

A

Decrease in LES tone

12
Q

Mucosal lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction due to severe vomiting?

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

13
Q

Dysphagia, Iron deficiency anemia, and Esophageal webs and glossitis?

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Plumbers” DIE

14
Q

Plummer-Vinson syndrome will lead to an increased risk of?

A

esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

15
Q

A patient with acid reflux and dysphagia that has no wrinkling hands and feet

A

Sclerodermal esophageal dysmotility

16
Q

Sclerodermal esophageal dysmotility MOA?

A

Esophageal smooth muscle atrophy=>􏰂􏰁LES pressure and dysmotility

17
Q

What is the problem in barrett’s esophagus

A

Metaplasia=>nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with intestinal epithelium=> nonciliated columnar with goblet cells in distal esophagus

18
Q

What is the long term problem with barrett’s esophagus?

A

esophageal adenocarcinoma.

19
Q

Progressive dysphagia (first solids, then liquids) and weight loss?

A

Esophageal cancer

20
Q

Most Common Esophageal cancer is America?

A

Adenocarcinoma

21
Q

Adenocarcinoma happens more along which part of the esophagus

A

Distal 1/3=> ass side 1/3

22
Q

Which causes cause adenocarcinoma?

A

Acid Reflux, Ass side, A Fat person

23
Q

Which causes cause both adenocarcinoma and squamous ?

A

cigarette

24
Q

Upper 1/3 esophagus drains to?

A

cervical nodes

25
Q

Middle 1/3 esophagus drains to?

A

Mediastinal/trachea nodes

26
Q

Lower 1/3 esophagus drains to?

A

Celiac/gastric nodes

27
Q

An Alcoholic who has painful hematemesis?

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

28
Q

Mallory-Weiss syndrome MC occurs in what kind of patients?

A

Buliemics and alcoholics

29
Q

An Alcoholic who has Painless hematemesis?

A

Esophageal Varices

30
Q

MCC of death in cirrhoris patients?

A

rupture of Esophageal Varices