Dental Anatomy > Essay > Flashcards

Essay Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Veins of lips

A

1) superior labial vein
2) inferior labial vein
From facial vein from internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Artery of lips

A

Upper - superior labial branches of facial and infraorbital a from maxillary artery

Lower - inferior labial branches of facial and mental artery from inferior alveolar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define cingulum

A

Portion of the anterior teeth occurring on the lingual aspect or palatal surface forming a convex protuberance or bulging of the cervical 3rd of the anatomical crown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Buccal cusp ridge

A

Elevation which extends from buccal cusp tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Origin of facial artery

A

External carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Major Salivary glands

A

Parotid gland - otic ganglion - glossopharyngeal nerve - inferior salivatory nucleus

Submandibular gland - submandibular ganglion - facial nerve - superior salivatory nucleus
Sublingual gland - submandibular ganglion - facial nerve - superior salivatory nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Latin name of major salivary glands

A

Glandulae salivariae majores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Minor salivary glands

A

Buccal duct
Palatal duct
Labial duct
Lingual duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stenon’s ducts known as ?

A

Parotid duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Wharton’s ducts also known as ?

A

Submandibular glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Saliva secretion volume

A

1200-1500 ml per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 main saliva action

A

Contains enzyme amylase helps with starch breakdown

Lubrication of mouth helps swallowing

Protect teeth against harmful bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Waldeyer’s ring

A

Pharyngeal Tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil
Tubal tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TMJ joints

A

Discotemporal joint gliding
Discomandibular joint hinge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ligaments of the TMJ

A

Lateral ligaments
Sphenomandibular ligaments
Stylomandibular ligaments
Articular capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oral vestibule borders

A

Anterior - lips
Laterally - cheeks
Internally - teeth and alveolar process of maxilla and mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lips border

A

Orbicularis oris
Superior labial muscles
Inferior labial muscles
Vessels and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lymph nodes of lips

A

Lower lip - submandibular and submental lymph nodes
Upper lip - submandibular lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Innervation of lips

A

Lower lip - inferior labial branches of mental nerves

Upper lip - superior labial branches of infraorbital nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hard palate formation

A

Palatine process of maxilla
Horizontal plates of palatine bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Muscles of soft palate

A

M. Tensor veli palatini - medial pterygoid nerve of mandibular nerve

M. Lavator veli palatini - pharyngeal branches of vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus
M. Palatoglossus
M. Palatopharyngeus
M. Uvulae

Functions
1) elevates soft plate and open mouth of pharyngotympanic tube while swallowing or yawning

2) elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning

3) elevates posterior part of tongue and draws soft palate onto tongue

4) tenses soft palate and pulls walls of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly and medially during swallowing

5) shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Branches of palate

A

Artery :
Greater palatine - maxillary artery
Lesser palatine - maxillary artery
Spenopalatine - maxillary artery
Ascending palatine - facial artery
Ascending pharyngeal - external carotid artery

Veins:
Pterygoid venous plexus
Facial vein
Retromandibular vein
Left internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Nerves of palate innervation

A

Sensory
Greater palatine
Lesser palatine
Nasopalatine –——- maxillary nerve

Motor
All supplied through the pharyngeal plexus 9 10
Except tensor veli palatini through CNv3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Floor of mouth

A

Suprahyoid muscles

Digastric posterior belly
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Digastric anterior belly
Geniohyoid

Infrahyoid muscles

Thyrohyoid muscles
Omohyoid upper belly
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Parts of tongue
Root Body Apex
26
Surfaces of tongue
Superior and posterior surface is dorsum of tongue Inferior surface rest against floor of mouth Margin of tongue separating the 2 surfaces is related on each side to the lingual gingivae and lateral teeth
27
Extrinsic muscle of tongue
1) M. Genioglossus ———mandible —— hypoglossal nerve ——- undersurface of tongue and hyoid bone — protraction 2) M. Hyoglossus ——- styloid process of temporal bone ——- hypoglossal nerve —- side and under surface of tongue —- retraction 3) M. Styloglossus —- greater horn and body of hyoid bone —- hypoglossal nerve —- side of tongue —— depresses tongue and draws it downwards
28
Intrinsic muscles of tongue
Innervate by : hypoglossal nerve 1) M. Verticalis linguae 2) M. Longitudinalis superior 3) M. Longitudinalis inferior 4) M. Transverse linguae
29
Arteries of tongue
Origin of lingual artery from external carotid artery Dorsal lingual arteries Deep lingual arteries Sublingual arteries Tonsillar branch of facial artery Ascending pharyngeal artery of external carotid artery
30
Veins of tongue
Dorsal lingual vein Deep lingual vein Sublingual vein Lingual vein originates from internal jugular vein
31
Sensory nerve supply of tongue
Anterior 2/3 general sensation — lingual nerve Special sensation — chorda tympani Posterior 1/3. General and special sensation — glossopharyngeal nerve Base general and special sensation —- internal laryngeal nerve
32
Motor nerve supply of the tongue
Palatoglossus — cranial nerve 10 All other tongue muscles — hypoglossal nerve
33
Lymph nodes of tongues
Superior deep cervical lymph nodes Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes Submandibular lymph nodes Submental lymph nodes
34
Define ectopy
Tooth is out of the arch line
35
Define Mesioversion
According to normal tooth position tooth is in mesial position
36
Define distoversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in a distal position
37
Define infraversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in a lower position it doesn’t reach occlusal plane
38
Define supraversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in a higher position it goes over the occlusal surface
39
Define palatoverison
According to its normal position the tooth is in an oral position in the upper jaw
40
Define linguoversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in an oral position lower jaw
41
Define buccoversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in a vestibular position posterior teeth
42
Define labioversion
According to its normal position the tooth is in a vestibular position for front teeth
43
Define axioversion
The axis of the tooth is not straight it’s tilted
44
Define torsoversion
Tooth is rotated around its long axis
45
Define transposition
Two neighboring teeth swap positions in the same arch
46
Define occlusal unit
Each tooth makes contact with 2 opposing teeth with the exception of lower central incisor and upper third molars the three occluding teeth are an occlusal unit
47
Define mamelons
In newly erupted incisors there are 3 small bumps on the incisal edge they are called mamelons and they disappear after after repeated masticatory function
48
Define intercuspidation
Opposite grinding teeth make contact with their occlusal surfaces the cusps meet centric grooves
49
Shape of upper jaw and lower jaw
Upper jaw - half an ellipse Lower jaw - parabola
50
List heads of lateral pterygoid muscle
Infratemporal head Inferior head
51
List heads of medial pterygoid muscle
Superficial head Deep head
52
Define anatomical occlusal surfaces
Cusps mesial distal marginal ridges surround a surface called anatomical surface
53
Define physiological occlusal surfaces
Occlusal surface spreads beyond the cusps of the tooth as far as contact points on the opposite side of the tooth
54
Oral cavity anatomical borders
Anterior - lips Posterior - oropharyngeal isthmus Lateral - cheek Superior - hard and soft palate Inferior - mylohyoid muscles and tongue Internally - by teeth
55
First maxillary premolar how many roots and canals and their name
Buccal root 1 root canal Palatal root 1 root canal
56
1st maxillary molar
Mesiobuccal 1/2 root canals Distobuccal 1 root canal Palatal 1 root canal
57
2nd maxillary molar
Mesiobuccal 1 root canal Distobuccal 1 root canal Palatal 1 root canal
58
Mandibular first molar
Mesial 1/2 root canals Distal 1 root canals
59
Mandibular second molar
Mesial 1 root canal Distal 1 root canal
60
Where is the tubercle of zuckerkandle found
On the lower first molar
61
List mimetic muscles
Muscles of mouth buccolabial group Muscles of nose nasal groups Muscles of cranium and neck epicranial group. Muscles of external ear Auricle group Muscles of eyelid orbital group
62
List muscles of upper lip
1) levator labii superioris - infraorbital margin of maxilla - skin of upper lip - elevates upper lip and nostrils -facial nerve -facial artery 2) levator labii superioris alequae nasi - frontal process of maxilla - upper lip and alar cartilage of nose -elevates upper lip and nostrils -facial nerve -facial artery 3) zygomaticus minor - zygomatic bone -skin of upper lip -elevates upper lip and nostrils - facial nerve -facial artery
63
Superficial perioral muscles
1) M. Orbicularis oris -medial aspects of maxilla and mandible, perioral skin and muscles - skin and mucous membrane of lips - closes mouth compresses and protrudes lips -Buccal branch of facial artery - facial artery superior and inferior labial arteries Maxillary artery mental and infraorbital arteries Superficial temporal artery transverse facial artery
64
Superficial muscles
1) Musculus Risorius • Origin: Fascia over the parotid gland • Insertion: Skin at the angle of the mouth • Action: Draws the mouth laterally and superiorly (smiling, dimples) • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Facial artery 2. Zygomaticus Major • Origin: Zygomatic bone • Insertion: Angle of the mouth • Action: Pulls the mouth laterally and superiorly (smiling) • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Facial artery 3. Mentalis • Origin: Mandible near the incisors • Insertion: Skin of the chin • Action: Depresses and everts the base of the lower lip while wrinkling the chin • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery 4. Depressor Anguli Oris • Origin: Mandible • Insertion: Angle of the mouth • Action: Depresses the corner of the mouth, especially during eating or speaking • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Facial arteryby
65
Deep muscles
Deep Muscle Layer 1. Depressor Labii Inferioris • Origin: Mandible • Insertion: Skin of the lower lip • Action: Pulls the lower lip inferomedially along with the labial part of the platysma • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Inferior labial artery 2. Levator Anguli Oris • Origin: Canine fossa of the maxilla • Insertion: Angle of the mouth • Action: Elevates the angle of the lips, contributing to a smile (acts with Risorius, Zygomaticus major & minor) • Innervation: Facial nerve • Blood Supply: Facial artery 3. Buccinator Muscle • Function: Forms the muscular basis of the cheek, filling the space between the maxilla and mandible • Origins: • Superior: Alveolar processes of the maxilla, opposite the 3 maxillary molar teeth • Posterior: Pterygomandibular raphe (anterior margin), behind the 3rd mandibular molar • Inferior: Buccinator ridge of the mandible, opposite the 3 mandibular molars • Function: • Prevents cheeks from being bitten during mastication • Prevents food from entering the oral vestibule • Assists in playing wind instruments and whistling • Innervation: Buccal branch of the facial nerve • Blood Supply: Buccal branch of the maxillary artery Modiolus = Fibers of Buccinator + Orbicularis Oris + Risorius + Depressor Anguli Oris + Zygomaticus Major
66
List muscles of mastication
1. Masseter Muscle • Origin: • Superficial head: Maxillary process of zygomatic bone, inferior border of zygomatic arch (anterior 2/3) Deep head: Deep surface of the zygomatic arch (posterior 1/3) • Insertion: Lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the ramus • Innervation: Masseteric nerve (branch of mandibular nerve - CN V3) • Blood Supply: Masseteric artery • Action: Elevates and protrudes the mandible 2. Temporalis Muscle • Origin: Temporal fossa up to the inferior temporal line, temporal fascia insertion • Insertion: Apex and medial surface of the coronoid process of the mandible • Innervation: Deep temporal branches of mandibular nerve (CN V3) • Blood Supply: Deep temporal branches of maxillary artery, middle temporal branches from superficial temporal artery • Action: • Anterior fibers: Elevate mandible • Posterior fibers: Retract mandible • General function: Facilitates mastication 3. Medial Pterygoid Muscle • Origin: pterygoid fossa • Deep head: Pterygoid fossa • Superficial head: Smaller, • Insertion:ramus of the mandible • Innervation: (branch of mandibular nerve - CN V3) • Blood Supply: Pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery • Action: Elevates and protrudes the mandible Lateral Pterygoid Muscle • Origin: • Superior head: Infratemporal crest and greater wing of sphenoid bone • Inferior head: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone) • Insertion: • Superior head: Joint capsule and articular disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) • Inferior head: Pterygoid fovea on the neck of the condyloid process of the mandible • Innervation: Nerve to lateral pterygoid (branch of mandibular nerve - CN V3) • Blood Supply: • Pterygoid branches of maxillary artery • Ascending palatine branches of facial artery • Action: • Bilateral contraction: Protrudes and depresses the mandible; stabilizes condylar head during closure • Unilateral contraction: Produces medial movement (rotational movement) of the mandible
67
Define anatomical crown
Portion of the tooth from the CEJ and extends coronally and covered in enamel
68
Define clinical crown
Portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity from incisal edge to gingival margin
69
What are the three mühlreiter signs
Corner signs : distal corner of the crown is more rounded than mesial Root sign : axis of root tilts distally Curve sign : crown is more rotated mesially
70
Write names of dentistry terms in Latin Primary tooth Primary teeth Permanent tooth Permanent teeth Crown Neck Root Tip of root Root opening 2 incisal teeth 1 canine tooth 2 molar teeth 2 premolar teeth
Primary Tooth → Dens deciduus Primary Teeth → Dentes decidui • 2 Dentes incisivi • 1 Dens caninus • 2 Dentes molares Permanent Tooth → Dens permanens Permanent Teeth → Dentes permanentes • 2 Dentes incisivi • 1 Dens caninus • 2 Dentes praemolares • 3 Dentes molares ⸻ Crown → Corona dentis Neck → Cervix dentis Root → Radix dentis Root Tip → Apex dentis Root Opening → Apical foramen
71
Define diphyodonts
Humans have 2 sets of teeth from primary to permanent
72
Define heterodont
Humans have different types of teeth for different functions
73
Structures of primary teeth vs permanent teeth
Smaller than permanent teeth Enamel is whiter and more opaque Enamel is more permeable — easily worn down — permeability decreases after start of root resorption Depth of enamel Is consistent and thinner 0.5 mm Pronounced cervical marginal cingulum Enamel bulges at the cemetoenqmel junction Newly erupted primary teeth cusps are more pointed Roots are shorter than primary Roots are less strong Roots are lighter in color Roots of anterior teeth are longer in proportion to crown Roots of posterior teeth are more divergent to allow room for permanent teeth Roots of posterior teeth divert and flare out wider than crown measurements Pulp chambers are larger Less depth of dentine Root canals are very fine 20 primary teeth Primary dental arch is semicircular Variants are less common in primary dentition
74
Age of teeth primary and permanent
Permanent Teeth: • Upper Central – 7–8 years • Upper Lateral – 8–9 years • Upper Canine – 11–12 years • Upper 1st Premolar – 10–11 years • Upper 2nd Premolar – 10–12 years • Upper 1st Molar – 6–7 years • Upper 2nd Molar – 12–13 years • Upper 3rd Molar – 17–21 years • Lower Central – 6–7 years • Lower Lateral – 7–8 years • Lower Canine – 9–10 years • Lower 1st Premolar – 10–12 years • Lower 2nd Premolar – 11–12 years • Lower 1st Molar – 6–7 years • Lower 2nd Molar – 11–13 years • Lower 3rd Molar – 17–21 years Primary Teeth: • Upper Central – 9.6 months • Upper Lateral – 12.4 months • Upper Canine – 18.3 months • Upper 1st Molar – 15.7 months • Upper 2nd Molar – 26.2 months • Lower Central – 7.8 months • Lower Lateral – 11.5 months • Lower Canine – 18.2 months • Lower 1st Molar – 15.1 months • Lower 2nd Molar – 26 months

Dental Anatomy (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions