Essay Analysis

Question 1

What are the six types of essay?

Answer 1

Argument
Description
Exposition
Narration
Persuasion
Reflection

Question 2

What are the eight types of development?

Answer 2

Spatial development
Chronological Development
Cause and Effect
Problem and Soloution
Comparison and contrast
Classification/categorization
Inductive order (specific to general)
Deductive order (general to specific)

Question 3

What is the difference between the method of development for a paragraph and a sentence?

Answer 3

Sentence developments add emphasis, reinforce ideas, and/or provide emotional appeal. Paragraph developments are the main way a paragraph is ordered.

Question 4

What are some examples of paragraph developments?

Answer 4

analogy – drawing a comparison usually between something unfamiliar with something familiar in order to best understand

anecdote – a short story that illustrates a point

anti-climactic order of sentences – progresses from more important/emotional to less important/emotional

comparison – highlights similarities

contrast – highlights differences

concession – acknowledges principal points of opposition argument

definition – limits and identifies a term

emotional appeal – emotion is evoked in the reader to help sway the reader’s to the author’s point of view

fact – a statement that something is true without qualification; a declarative statement

generalization – summarizes details or particulars in larger categories; (broad statements usually not verified by facts)

illustration/example – provides supporting evidence; serves to elucidate a point

irony – a discrepancy between what is expected and what happens, or what is actually stated

logical argument – an illustration of something that makes clear sense; appeals to reader’s sense of logic

narration – the accounting of a sequence of events

parody – a humorous or satirical imitation

personal experience / reflection – a story or retelling of an event which emphasizes/complements the main point

quotation – reference made by someone who has some experience with the situation, but not an acknowledged

authority

reference to authority – a quotation from an acknowledged authority: adds credibility

refutation – to rebut the main points of an opposing argument

statistic – numerical measurement/data: gives authenticity or merit to the argument

Question 5

What are some examples of sentence developments?

Answer 5

alliteration – repetition of the same consonant sound in two or more words which are placed closely together

allusion – reference to a recognizable person, figure, or event; often an historical or literary reference

antithesis – a contrast in words or ideas (i.e.: “Though his body was broken and confined to a wheelchair, his mind

raced with the agility of an Olympic athlete.”)

anti-climactic order of words – words progress from less important/emotional to more important/emotional

apostrophe – (not the punctuation mark); To address or call out to someone not there, dead, or a thing that couldn’t answer back; while more comfortable in a poetic setting, it still occasionally finds its way into non-fiction

climactic order of words – words progress from less important/emotional or more important/emotional

hyperbole – deliberate use of exaggeration

litotes – a deliberate understatement; the opposite of hyperbole

oxymoron – words which appear to be a mutually exclusive pairing placed together (i.e.: “Behold the wise fool.”)

metaphor – a direct comparison without using “like” or “as” (i.e.: “She is all states, and all princes I” – John Donne)

parallelism – words phrases, or sentences of similar syntax placed closely together to form a balanced pattern

personification – a metaphorical device in which ideas or inanimate objects are attributed human characteristics

pun – humourous use of word to suggest a different meaning

repetition – used for emphasis of a point or idea

rhetorical question – a question which poses a problem but often expects no answer

simile – a comparison using “like” or “as”