essay plan facts Flashcards
(389 cards)
1
Q
when did the US suggest trident
A
1979
2
Q
when did Heath visit China
A
1972
3
Q
how did Heath strain relations with the US
A
rejected Kissinger’s request to use Britain as a link to Europe
4
Q
what did Nixon not tell Heath about
A
being put on DEFCON 3 during Yom Kippur 1973
5
Q
what did the US want to use to airlift supplies to Isreal during the YK war
A
NATO military bases- Britain apprehensive in case of oil problems
6
Q
when was the PEP report
A
1967
7
Q
when was the colour bar at Paddinton station
A
1966
8
Q
when was the first Notting Hill carnival
A
1966
9
Q
example of 1960s black sportsman
A
Louis Martin, olympic weightlifter
10
Q
when was the British KKK around
A
1964-65
11
Q
when was the racial preservation society formed
A
1965
12
Q
how many Kenyan Asians entered from dec 1967 to feb 1968
A
7,000
13
Q
when was Wilson’s commonwealth immigrants bill and what did it do
A
1968
had to have ‘substantial connections’
14
Q
rise of industrial earnings 1974 vs 1974 vs 1975
A
15% 1973
19% 1974
23% 1975
15
Q
what did Wilson repeal
A
Heath’s pay board and trade union act
16
Q
who was Wilson’s employment sec. in his second term
A
Foot
17
Q
when did the TUC accept Jack Jones’ £6/week
A
june 1975
18
Q
inflation by the end of 1974
A
28%
19
Q
what wage settlements did Callaghan offer in Autumn 1978 and what happened
A
5%, rejected by TGWU
20
Q
when was the winter of discontent
A
78-79
21
Q
who started the winter of discontent
A
ford motor workers
22
Q
how many employed in the services industry by 1960
A
5m
23
Q
industrial production under Macmillan
A
rose 26%
24
Q
exports in 1961 vs 1964
A
10% higher
but imports 20% higher
25
economic growth 1951-64
2.3%
26
economic growth 1964
6%
27
decline in share of world trade 1950s
25.5% to 14%
28
when did RAB give £134m in tax cuts away
1955
29
Thorneycroft's 'stop'
7% bank rate
£100m in expenditure cuts (wanted more)
30
what did Macmillan add VAT to as chancellor
tobacco
31
home ownership by 1964
44%
32
car ownership growth 1950s
x4
33
how many owned a TV by 1964
91%
34
wages 51-64
£7.5-£18 per week
35
industrial workers' pay rise 1951-64
rose 20%
36
unemployment 1963
800k
37
when did premium bonds go on sale
1956
38
what did the royal commission announce about immigration 1949
needed 140k/yr to fill labour shortage
39
how many carribean immigrants 1961
66k
40
change in immigration after 1962
mostly dependents
41
when was the first indoor carribean carnival
1959
42
where employed directly from overseas
NHS, British Leyland etc.
43
when was Kelso Cochrane murdered
1959
44
when were the notting hill riots in 50s and how many were involved
1958
mobs of 400
45
where had black gangs
ladbroke grove
46
who was the first black cabinet minister and when
Paul Boteng 2002
47
how many killed in the 7/7 bombings and when were they
2005
52
48
when did the bbc chief say it was 'hideously white'
2001
49
when was the macpherson report
1999
50
when was connexions created
2000
51
when was the social exclusion unit formed
1997
52
what % of ASBOs went to U17s by 2005
46%
53
how many NEETS by 2007
20%
54
how many free hrs of nursery per week by 2007
12.5
55
when was minimum wage
1998
56
increase in number of lone mothers in work 1997-2007
45-56%
57
how much did spending on child related benefits rise in real terms
53%
58
when did Labour adopt new constitutional procedures
1980
59
how many members did the SDP gain within weeks and what % of the electorate said they would support it
50k
40%
60
what % of the popular vote did the SDP get 1983
25.4%
61
what policy did Kinnock drop almost immediately
abolition of the HoL
62
how many millionaires did the big bang create
1,500
63
tax cuts in 1979 budget
top rate 83p to 60p
bottom rate 33p to 30p
64
inflation in 1980
15%
65
unemployment 1982
3m
66
when did economists write to Thatcher and how many
1980
364
67
when and what were Thatcher's 3 acts against TU
1980 employment act- flying pickets illegal, ballot requirements etc.
1982- challenged union's financial immunity
1984 TU act- ballot for retention of funds
68
when was the miners' strike under thatcher
1984
69
what did Hulme persuade Addams
that a negotiated settlement was possible
70
who did both sides on NI peace talks trust
chairman Mitchell
71
who in RoI did Blair have a close relationship with
Ahern
72
who kept paramilitaries on side
Mowlem
73
when was the NI assembly suspended and why
2002-2006 due to a breakdown in relations
74
what % of the RUC were Catholic 1998 and what was recommended to solve this
8.3%
new system of recruitment
75
when was the omagh bombing and how many were killed
1998
30
76
average age of marriage for women 1992-97
24 1992
25 1997
77
who sang the song about unmarried mothers and when
Peter Lillet 1992
78
how many women were breadwinners by 1997
1.2m
79
pay gap 1995-97
24%
80
what % of businesses owned by women 1990
less than 10
81
1994 how many of the top civil servants were men
90%
82
labour's tax plans 1992
wanted to raise top rate from 40-50%
83
what would labour's 1992 tax plans do
a married couple with one person earning over £40k would be £150/ month worse off
avg. earner £100/yr better off
84
audience at 'meet john major' talkabouts
200-300
85
major's nickname
honest john
86
how many of the national papers supported major 1992
7/11
87
what % of adults read the sun 1992
22%
88
when was water privatised
1989
89
when was the ERM crisis
1992
90
when were PFIs started
1992
91
when was an internal market created within the NHS
1990 comminity care act
92
when was the citizen's charter
1991
93
when was ofstead created
1992
94
when were devolution referandums
1997
95
when was the social chapter
1997
96
when was ECHR
1998
came into force 2000
97
what was the number of hereditary peers reduced to
92
98
who could make lords nominations
party leaders
99
what did ECHR do
freedom from slavery, right to a fair trial etc.
but gov. was allowed to make exceptions e.g for terrorists
judges could not strike down laws, only send them back
100
how many seats did the alliance get in 1987
22
101
when did Smith remove the TU block vote
1993
102
what did Kinnock gain control of
National Executive
103
when did Kinnock reject unilateralism
1989
104
what did Kinnock support
the EC and social charter
105
when did blair abolish clause 4
1995
106
when did thatcher abolish the fair wages resolution
1982
107
when was the national audit office created
1983
108
why was the privatisation of amersham intl. significant
first complete privatisation
109
when were BT and BA privatised
BT 1984
BA 1986
110
how much was BT undervalued by
£3bn
111
how much spending cuts 1981
£3.5bn
112
how much tax giveaways 1982
£1.3bn
113
when was 'u-turn if you want to'
1980
114
how many academy schools were opened
46
115
when did blair pledge £300m for cancer scanners
2001
116
when was the alledged £35bn tory spending cut
2005
117
how many asbos handed out
10k
118
when was the tory miscommunication over tax
2001
£20bn vs £8bn
119
when was Heath's EEC application and acceptance
1971
1973
120
when did Heath abolish the prices and incomes board
1970
121
when was Heath's industrial relations bill
1971
122
when was RR nationalised
1971
123
when was clyde upper shipbuilders nationalised
1972
124
when was Heath's price freeze
nov. 1972
125
when was the sunningdale agreement and what did it do
1973
power-sharing and input from RoI
126
when was internment
1971
127
when was direct rule from westminster
1972
128
when was internment abolished
dec. 1975
129
when was wilson's divorce reform
1969
130
how many authorities failed to comply with circular 10/65 by 1970
only 8
131
when was the death penalty temporarily abolished and when was this made permenant
1965
1969
132
when was the abortion act and sexual offences act
1967
133
which group supported abortion reform
abortion law reform association
134
what % in the 60s were against further divorce reform
30-40%
135
which liberal reforms were from backbenchers
abortion, sexual offences, death penalty
136
when was the family planning act
1967
137
when was the first reclaim the night march
1977
138
what year was the WLM conference held in ncl
1976
139
when was the domestic violence and matrimonial proceedings act and what is a limitation
1976
did not protect unmarried women
140
when was the married women's property act and what did it do
1964
allowed women to keep 1/2 of an allowance their husband paid to them
141
when was the matrimonial women's property act and what did it do
1970
took into account housework in divorces
142
when was the open university opened
1969
143
when was no fault divorce allowed
1969
144
what was the DEA's proposed max. wage increase
3.5%
145
when was in place of strife suggested
1968
146
how much was in place of strife voted down by
8m to 800k
147
when was wilson's trade disputes act and what did it do
1965
closed a loophole in the 1906 law
148
when did wilson out TU leaders as communist
1966 during the seamen strike
149
who was wilson's first minister for tech
cousins
150
2 examples of radical union leaders
Hugh Scanlon AEU
Jack Jones TGWU
151
when were there lots of wildcat strikes in the 60s
1968
152
what was the national plan's aim for growth
4%/yr
153
when did the DEA die by
1965
154
what was the bank rate raised to in 1964
7%
155
unemployment 1965-66
less than 1.5%
156
prices and earnings 1964-66
prices 9% higher but earnings 11% higher
157
what did the July package do
solved the 1966 sterling crisis
raised the bank rate to 7%
158
gwoth rate 1966-67
only 2% due to July package
159
trade gap 1967
£600m
160
when was the £ devalued and what to
1967
from $2.80 to $2.40
161
BoP surplus 1970
£800m
162
when did Ian Smith declare Rhodesia's independence
1965
163
what was wilson's stance on nuclear disarmament in 60s
election pledge to abandon it but didn't actually do this
164
how many troops east of Suez 1960s
57,000
165
when was the withdrawal from Aden
1967
166
impact of the battle of the bogside
8 killed
180 buildings damaged
167
how much did Wilson give to NI for work creation schemes
£3m
168
where did Unionists riot after the downing st declaration
Shankill road
169
what did wilson do politically in NI (first term)
one man one vote
ended gerrymandering
created a new ministry of community relations
170
when did Ghana leave the empire
1957
171
when was the winds of change speech
1960
172
when was the Burgess and Maclean affiar
1951
173
what did Britain offer Nasser to try and placate him
shares in the canal
174
when was there a sterling crisis in the 1950s
1957
175
how many killed in the Mau Mau rebellion
14,000
176
when in the 1950s were there strikes in engineering and shipbuilding
1957
177
example of a country which did not stay in the commonwealth
Sudan 1956
178
how much did teens have to spend 1950s
£830m
179
when was national service abolished
1960
180
how much did washing machine and fridge ownership rise 1957-59
washing machine 54%
fridge 58%
181
when was a taste of honey
1958
182
conservative majority 1959
100
183
why was douglas-home's appointment as PM controversial
he was a HoL member
184
how many new houses built by 1964
1.7m
185
when were primary school children given milk
1952
186
when were prescription charges
1951
187
when was the homicide act and what did it do
1957
abolished the death penalty with some exceptions
188
when did 57 bevanites vote against rearmament
1952
189
when did 57 MPs abstain from H bomb debate
1955
190
when did Bevan have the whip removed
1955
191
describe the night of the long knives
1962
macmillan sacked 1/3 of his cabinet
192
when was the profumo affair
1963
193
when was the vassal affair
1962
194
difference in resources of grammar schools
had 3x that of a secondary modern
195
trade deficit 1964
£750m
196
lab majority in 1964
4
197
tax cuts 1959
£340m
198
when did the conservatives request an IMF loan
1961
199
tax cuts 1963
£300m
200
when did NICKY and NEDDY fail
1962
201
when was the july pay pause
1961
202
what were NICKY and NEDDY
voluntary wage restraint
national economic development council
203
when were iron and steel denationalised
1953
204
what fraction of Eden's cabinet were Eton alumni
1/2
205
when was equal pay for teachers and civil servants
teachers 1952
civil servants 1954
206
what proportion of women were in work 1950s
1/5
207
when did macmillan restrict commonwealth immigration
1962
208
when was the rent act and what did it do
1957
paved way for white tennants to be replaced with immigrants
209
what % of sex discrimination in the workplace cases were successful
10%
210
what % thought marriage was not old fashioned 1970s
77%
211
women's wages vs men by end of 1970s
73%
212
when did cosmopolitan magazine arrive
1972
213
when was dismissal on the grounds of pregnancy banned
1975
214
what did 1976 race relations act do
made it an offence to stir up racial hatred
extended previous laws to include discrimination in private clubs
215
when did the ugandan asians start to come
1972
216
how many ugandan asians arrived
nearly 30k
217
change in assaults on afro-carribeans in 1970s
rose by 1/3
218
when did Eric Clapton say he supported Powell
1976
219
which anti-racist group was formned 1976
rock against racism
220
when was the anti-nazi league set up
1977
221
which anti-nazi league supporter was killed by police
Blair Peach 1979
222
when was sus law repealed
1981
223
when was first black england footballer
1978
224
what did the sex pistols do that was controversial
'god save the queen'
225
when wa the dept of environment formed
1970
226
when was greenpeace uk formed
1977
227
when was the animal liberation front formed
1976
228
when was watership down
1972
229
when were the birmingham pub bombings
1974
230
when did the sun page 3 girls start
1970
231
inflation 1980
22%
232
increase in petrol tax 1981
went up 20p
233
spending cuts 1979
£4bn
234
inflation 1983
5%
235
manufacturing capacity lost in Thatcher's first term
25%
236
tax cuts 1987
£2.6bn
237
avg growth rate 1980s
4%
238
wealth distribution 1985
poorest 20% held only 5% of the nation's wealth
239
what did Thatcher do that harmed women
removed provisions of the 1975 employment protection act so women were no longer entitled to their job back after maternity leave
240
TU membership by 1983
10m
241
when did the 1984 miners strike end
march 1985
242
how many miners in wales by 1989
5k
243
when was the battle of orgreave
1984
244
change in number of homeless families with children 1980-82
doubled
245
youth unemployment 1980s
1981-82 U25s made up 40% of the unemployed
246
whagt % of British school leavers were trained 1980s
50%
247
when was YTS created
1981
248
when was assisted places
1980
249
cuts to uni funding 1980s
15%
250
black unemployment Brixton 1981
50%
251
when were the inner city riots
1981
252
how many arrested during inner-city riots
4k
253
when was the scarman report and what did it say
condemned rioting
detailed alienation of unemployed black males due to social and economic difficulties
nov. 1981
254
when were US cruise missiles placed at British bases
1979
255
when did the greenham women camp start and how long did it last
1981
19 years
256
when was the 14 mile human chain
1983
257
what was the brain drain
academics moved to the US under Thatcher
258
when was Thatcher denied an honourary degree
1980
259
when was the social security act and what did it do
1986
more rigorous means testing
replaced grants with loans
260
when was the first aids case
1981
261
when did the gov. start the AIDS protection campaign
1985
262
when did Diana shake hands with an AIDS patient
1987
263
when did Victoria Gillick's contraception campaign get rejected
1985 by HoL
264
when was the Falklands war
1982
265
which Argentinian war ship was sunk
Belgrano
266
public support for Falklands
83%
267
Cost of Falklands war
£1.6bn
268
when did the US invade Grenada
1983
269
cost of Trident
£5bn initially, soon rose to £10bn
270
Callaghan's committment to NATO
pledged ti increase spending by 3% in real terms until 1986
271
how many marched in 1983 CND march
200k
272
when was US attacks on Libya and how was Britain involved
1986
allowed US to use British bases
273
when were US plans for star wars shield
1983
274
when did Thatcher meet Gorbachev
1984
275
when was the Rejivak summit between Thatcher and Gorbachev
1986
276
when was the intermediate range nuclear forces treaty
1987
277
what did Thatcher do in Zimbabwe
backed nationalists
which helped Marxist Mugabe get elected in 1980
278
what happened at the 1979 Dublin Summit
Thatcher rejected a £350m offer
279
success of Thatcher in Europe 1979-83
settlement on fishing quotas
reduced overproduction of CAP
280
when did Thatcher veto farm price increases
1982
281
what happened at the 1984 Fontainebleu summit
agreed to reduce British spending on EEC
BBQ resolved
282
what was Thatcher's attitude to the single market
liked it
but didn't like equalised VAT
283
what did the SEA do and when was it
1986
committed Britain to a single market by 1992
increaste in European Parliamentary power
284
when did construction of the channel tunnel start
1988
285
how many council seats did Cons lose in 1991 elections
900
286
what was Major's new tax scheme called
TESSA
287
unemployment by the end of 1991
2.6m
288
cons majority 1992
21
289
how many poll tax evaders were not on the electoral register
250k
290
tory funding scandals
cypriot businessman Asil Nadir gave £440k
Lord Macalpine admitted to taking funds from Hong Kong
291
when was back to basics launched
1993
292
when did Stephen Milligan die
1994
293
when was the scott Inquiry and what was it about
1992- published 1996
illegal arms sales to Iraq
294
when was UKIP set up
1993
295
number of councillors by 1996
labour had double cons.
296
when were railways and coal privatised
coal 1994
railways 1996
297
GDP growth 1997
5%
298
coal mining workforce 1993
44k
299
when did Kinnock crush Benn in a leadership challenge
1988
300
when did labour begin 'tough on crime'
1993
301
when did John Smith die
1994
302
when was section 28
1987
303
when was gay age of consent lowered to 18
1994
304
divorce rate 1994
14%
305
when was the child support agency set up
1993
306
when did the daily mail publsih phone calls between Camilla and Charles
1993
307
how many female MPs 1997 vs 1992
120 1997
60 1992
308
which positions had no women 1990
law lords
high court judges
309
when were women allowed to be ordained
1992
310
what did Lawson's 1988 reforms do
a husband no longer responsible for his wife's tax returns
311
when was satanic verses published and what happened
1988
author had to go into hiding due to death threats about satirisation of Islam
312
when was Stephen Lawrence murdered
1993
313
when was the Enniskellin bombing
1987
314
when did a car bomb nearly kill major
1991
315
when were the corporal killings
1988
316
how many messages per week in back channel by 1993
1
317
when did Addams and Hume announce they were ready for a peace deal
1993
318
what was the reaction to Hume's proposed peace deal in 1993
violence from both sides
but this only furthered determination for peace
319
when was the second downing st. decaration
1993
320
when was Thatcher's Bruges speech
1988
321
what formed after the Bruges speech
Bruges group
322
when was the Delors report and what did it say
1989
layed out 3 stage plan for single currency
323
Thatcher's reaction to the Delors report
agreed to stage 1 but delayed 2 and 3
324
British trade with the EEC by 1990
over half
325
when did the Yugoslav wars begin
1991
326
when was the Maastrich treaty
1992
327
what did the Maastrich treaty do
EEC became EU
new structure
some common policies
euro by 1999
328
what were British opt outs in Maastrich
euro and social chapter
329
when did Iraq invade Kuwait
1990
330
what % of world oil did Kuwait have
13%
331
UN reaction to gulf war
economic sanctions
bombardment of Iraq
Hussein withdrew 1991
332
how many troops did Britain send in the Gulf War
45k
333
who was ethnically cleansed in the Balklans 1992
muslims
334
British role in Yugoslav wars
1992 Major held UN-EU conference
proposed Vance-Owen plan
335
what was the Vance-Owen plan
Ceasefire
Demilitarisation of parts of Croatia
Return of refugees
336
when did the Balkand wars end
1995 only when US got involved and did an air strike on Serb forces
337
when was the first london mayoral election
2000
338
when was the NE referendum defeat
2004
339
what was the Jenkins report and when was it
1998
recommended an alternative to FPTP
340
when was the HRA and what did it do
1998
incorporated ECHR into law
341
when did the gov. have to amend anti-terrorist legislation
2004
342
who was george Mitchell
Clinton's special envoy for NI
343
when did the DUP overtake the UUP
2003
344
when did SF overtake SDLP
2003
345
what caused stormont suspension 2002
allegations about a spy ring
346
when did David Kelly die
July 2003
347
when did an intelligence dossier say there were WMD in Iraq
2002
348
when was the Hutton inquiry published
2004
349
how many teachers and support staff
36k teachers and 154k support staff
350
achievement of 5 good GCSEs inc. maths and english 1997-2007
45-58%
351
what % went to uni by 2007
43%
352
when was sure start introduced
1998
353
uni fees raise 2004
to £3k
354
tutiton fees 1998
£1000
355
fall in crime 1997-2007
35%
356
backlog of asylum applications under blair
from 60k to 6k
357
how many more consultants/ gps and nurses by 2008
20k consultants/GPs
70k nurses
358
number of beds fall under blair
15k
359
increase in emergency calls under Blair
75%
360
what % of national income did th epoorest 10% gain 1997-2010
13%
361
what did thousands of companies axe under Blair
final salary pensions
362
when was the new deal for the young and unemployed
1998
363
what did the 10yr plan promise
£180bn of public and private investment into roads/public transport
364
when did railwork collapse
2001
365
when was the Stern report
2006
366
how many livestock slaughtered 2001
6m
367
when was the development of GM crops put on hold
2004
368
increased spending on sports under blair
from £222m to £580m
369
when was hunting with dogs banned
2004
370
how many ex-communist countries joined the EU in 1998
6
371
when did Blair increase EU immigration restrictions
2007 when Bulgaria and Romania joined
372
how many EU members by 2007
27
373
when was the St Maolo agreement and what was it
1998
lay foundations for common security/defence policy
sgreed creation of EU military force
374
when did Blair and Chirac have a disagreement over CAP
2002
375
EU constitutional failures under Blair
rejections of proposed constitutional treaty in 2005
376
what did Blair persuade Clinton to speak at
2002 labour party conference
377
what was Blair's Chicago speech and when was it
1999
claimed it would be legitimate for liberal world to intervene in internal affairs of soveriegn state
due to ethnic cleansing in Kosovo crisis
378
what was Blair's involvement in the Kosovo wars
1999 NATO bombing
successful
379
how did Blair intervene in Sierra Leone and when
2000
military sent to evacuate foreigners
also supported UN peacekeepers
ended by 2002
380
when was the invasion of Afghanistan
2001
381
failure of Afghanistan invasion
lasted ages
Taliban managed to regroup
382
success of Iraq
2006, Iraqi government had become more stable and democratic
383
describe Iraq opposition
top the war march feb. 2003
1m supporters
384
how many troops died in Iraq by 2007
180
385
when did ISIS form
2004
386
defence spending under Blair
remained steady at around 2.5% of GDP
armed forces at 96% of capacity
387
when was Trident renewed
2007
388
when did Libya dismantle WMD
2003
389
aid in Africa
Plan to double to $25bn annoucned in 2005
