Essential oils, Isoprene and Terpenis Flashcards Preview

Higher Chemistry > Essential oils, Isoprene and Terpenis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Essential oils, Isoprene and Terpenis Deck (16)
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1
Q

Terpenes are

A

A group of compounds which are present in most essential oils.
They are unsaturated compounds formed by joining together a number of molecules of isoprene

2
Q

Isoprene

A

Basic unit that all terpenes are made from

3
Q

Isoprene systematic name

A

2-methylbuta-1,3-diene

4
Q

Isoprene molecular formula

A

C5H8

5
Q

Isoprene structural formula

A

H2C=C—C=CH2
I I
CH3 H

6
Q

The C=C bonds allow the molecules to undergo

A

Addition reactions with other isoprenes

7
Q

Essential oils

A

Essential oils are the concentrated extracts of volatile, non water soluble aroma compounds from plants.

8
Q

Essential oils uses

A

Perfumes, cosmetic products and cleaning products

9
Q

Essential oils key components

A

Terpenes

10
Q

What functional groups can be found in essential oils

A

Esters, aldehydes, ketones and alcohols

11
Q

Properties of essential oils

A

Insoluble in water since they are non polar molecule or virtually insoluble.
Volatile (evaporates easily) - weak LDFs between molecules

12
Q

When asked to draw extraction of essential oils draw

A

Water heated in a test tube to from steam, in the same test tube have glass wool with the plant material over the top, draw stopper with delivery tube over top, this tube will go to a flask with water inside it, on the delivery tube draw tissue soaked in water - condensing agent

13
Q

How many carbons are in a single isoprene

A

5

14
Q

How to work out number of isoprenes in a terpene

A

Number of carbons in terpene/5

15
Q

How to draw isoprene molecules bonded together

A

Molecules will join at site of double bond

16
Q

How can terpenes aromas be produced

A

They can be oxidised within plants