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DevBio Lab > Estrous Cycle > Flashcards

Estrous Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

__________
the process whereby the gametes are
formed in the gonads

A

Gametogenesis

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2
Q

__________
(Gk. Oistros=gadfly, hence frenzy or
desire) the cyclical changes occurring in the reproductive
system of the female mammal

A

Estrous Cycle

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3
Q

___________ cyclical changes in the vagina, marked in rodents and correlated with ovarian cycle (Proestrus, estrus, metaestrus, diestrus)

A

Vaginal Cycle

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4
Q

___________
cyclical changes in the histology of the
rodent uterus are not marked as they are in primates
(Proestrus, estrus, metaestrus, diestrus)

A

Uterine Cycle

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5
Q

_____________
(mensis=month) characterized by
monthly uterine bleeding (estrus cycle) for the primate
cycle

A

Menstrual Cycle

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6
Q

Two types of cycles in female mammals

A
  1. Menstrual Cycles
  2. Estrous Cycles
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7
Q

Identify the type of cycle:

• Humans and other primates
• Changes in the uterus = uterine cycle
• Caused by events that occur in the ovary
(Ovarian cycle)
• Integrated cycle involving 2 organs (uterus and ovaries)

A

Menstrual cycles

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8
Q

Identify the type of cycle:

in other mammals

A

Estrous cycles

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9
Q

Integrated Female Cycles
_________
• Follicular phase
• Ovulatory phase
• Luteal phase

A

Ovarian Cycle

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10
Q

Integrated Female Cycles
_________
• Menstrual flow phase
• Proliferative phase
• Secretory phase

A

Uterine/Menstrual Cycle

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11
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormones

________
-for growth
-maturation of the
follicle – germ cell,
stratum granulosum

A

gametokinetic H.

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12
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormones:
❖gametokinetic H.
❖-for growth
❖_________________ – germ cell,
stratum granulosum

A

maturation of the follicle

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13
Q

Luteinizing Hormone
❖____________ ______
stimulating hormone
❖stimulates theca
interna
❖induces corpus luteum
formation
❖together with FSH
induces maturation of
the Graafian follicle
❖ovulation

A

insterstitial cell

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14
Q

Luteotrophin
❖__________/_________
❖maintains corpus
luteum
❖stimulates
secretion of
progesterone by
the corpus
❖lactation of mammary
gland

A

Lactogenic hormone/prolactin

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15
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
• Estrogen
– Follicular hormone
– Promotes proliferation phase of ________ ________
– Stimulates oviducts, vagina, mammary
glands
– Secondary sex characteristics
– Aspects of behavior

A

uterine cycle

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16
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
___________
– Secretes estrogen in 1st half

A

Follicle

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17
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
_________ _________
– secretes estrogen in 2nd half
– Produces progesterone

A

Corpus luteum

18
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
________
– produces estrogen and progesterone
– Produces placental gonadotrophin/
chorionic gonadotrophin

A

Placenta

19
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
___________
– Promotes secretions phase of uterine cycle
– Stimulates mammary glands

A

Progesterone

20
Q

Roles of Ovarian Hormones in
Estrous Cycle
________/ __________ ________
– Secreted by pregnant women
– + test for pregnancy in urine

A

Placental/chorionic gonadotrophin

21
Q

Differences between
rats and mice

Mice:
-______
-______
-______

A

• Are not just little rats;
• More olfactory than rats
• More sensitive to introduction of new males

22
Q

Terminology for Cycle Stages

•__________ – noun
•Estrous - adjective

A

Estrus

23
Q

Terminology for Cycle Stages
•Estrus – noun
•Estrous - _______

A

adjective

24
Q

The Rodent Estrous Cycle

• Rats and mice are:

❖_________ _______ – they do not
need the presence of male to induce ovulation

A

spontaneous ovulators

25
Q

The Rodent Estrous Cycle

Rats and mice are:

❖4-6 day cycle – consists of 4 stages =
________, _________, ________ _ (a.k.a.
metestrus), and _________ _

A

estrus, proestrus, diestrus I, and diestrus II

26
Q

The Rodent Estrous Cycle

Rats and mice are:

❖4-6 day cycle – consists of 4 stages =
estrus, proestrus, diestrus I (a.k.a.
__________), and diestrus II

A

metestrus

27
Q

_________
• can refer to a stage of the cycle or to
the behavioral manifestation of
behavioral receptivity (also known as
“heat”)
• For rodents, the most highly receptive time is proestrus

A

Estrus

28
Q

Estrus
• can refer to a stage of the cycle or to
the behavioral manifestation of
behavioral receptivity (also known as
“heat”)
• For rodents, the most highly receptive time is ________

A

proestrus

29
Q

Differences from Human
Menstrual Cycle
• Peaks of estrogens and progesterone
are __________ _________ in humans while overlap in rodents
• Rodents are more to estrous cycle
disruption due to sensitivity from light
zeitgebers than humans

A

typically separated

30
Q

Differences from Human
Menstrual Cycle
• Peaks of estrogens and progesterone
are typically separated in humans while overlap in rodents
• Rodents are more to estrous cycle
disruption due to sensitivity from light _________ than humans

A

zeitgebers

31
Q

Determining Estrous Cycle

• ______ ________ __ ______ _______ - Simple method for determining estrous cycle stage

A

Vaginal lavage or vaginal smear

32
Q

Determining Estrous Cycle

4 stages can be distinguished by noting _______ ________ _______that are visible during each stage

A

characteristic cell types

33
Q

Determining Estrous Cycle

• A small amount of physiological solution is
inserted into a rat’s or mice’s vagina with
disposable pipette, removed, placed on a slide
and examined under a microscope.

• Volume: _____-____ microliters of saline for rats while 50-200 microliters for mice.

A

200-500

34
Q

Vaginal Smear Procedure

• Label a slide with the date, time, mouse name, and color.
• Introduce a few drops of ___ into the eyedropper and gently insert about ___ cm into the vagina.
• Express the saline back and forth, 2 or 3 times by quickly squeezing and releasing the dropper bulb, then remove the
resultant fluid and express it onto the labeled slide.
• Keep the slide flat and do not let it dry.

A

NSS, 0.5 cm

35
Q

Cell Characteristics in
Different Cycles
• __________ –presence of nucleated epithelial cells that are round; sometimes the cells cornify rapidly in mice

A

Proestrus

36
Q

Cell Characteristics in
Different Cycles
• Proestrus –presence of nucleated epithelial cells that are round; sometimes the cells _______ rapidly in mice

A

cornify

37
Q

Cell Characteristics in
Different Cycles

_________
characterized by non-nucleated,
cornified epithelial cells

A

Estrus

38
Q

Cell Characteristics in
Different Cycles
_______ (Diestrus I)
low cell number,
often with a lot of cell debris

A

Metestrus

39
Q

Cell Characteristics in
Different Cycles

_______ contains mostly lymphocytes

A

Diestrus II

40
Q

Cell Characteristics in Different Cycles

Diestrus II contains mostly ________

A

lymphocytes

41
Q

3 Main Cell Types Detected In Vaginal Smear Samples

A

A. Nucleated Epithelial Cells
B. Cornified Epithelial Cell
C. Leukocytes

DevBio Lab (4 decks)

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