Ethical Issues in AT Flashcards
What is occupational therapy?
helps people regain, develop, and build skills that are essential for independent functioning, health, and well-being
What is rehabilitation engineering?
the application of science and technology to improving the quality of life of a persons with disabilities
What is assistive technology?
products, devices or equipment … that are used to maintain, increase or improve the functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities (1998 Tech Act)
What are advantages of AT devices?
It can always be there
It can be powerful
What are disadvantages of AT devices?
It may not always work as intended in every possible situation
It doesn’t “grow” with the client
It may break
It may encourage the consumer to rely on (imperfect) technology instead of developing their own skills
Describe the ethical levels of AT devices?
Level 1: clinical/AT services; operational; client-practitioner
- educating consumers of AT services available
- clinical assessment matching consumer to device
- beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, fidelity
Level 2: clinical/interdisciplinary; practitioner-practitioner
- information dissemination
- resource allocation, preservice and in-service training
- justice, fidelity
Level 3: institutional/agency; institution-member
- adequate AT service provision
- efficient and effective service provision
- justice, fidelity
Level 4: social resources; legislative-constituent
- adequacy of resources
- periodic review and assessment
- legal issues
- reciprocal advocacy, justice
What should be assessed before AT is given?
Identification of the activity the consumer wants/needs (but is unable) to perform
Capabilities (present level of performance)
Performance barriers:
* Relevance and importance for consumer
* Objects used and their properties
* Space Demands
* Social Demands
* Sequencing and Timing
* Required Actions and Performance Skills
* Required Body Functions and Structures
When are alternatives to AT appropriate?
If the client has decreased cognition
What are prosthetics?
Prosthetics can provide functionality for a lost limb
However, it is imperfect technology
Are there alternatives to prosthetics?
Yes, children, in particular, can learn to compensate for a lost limb
They may not realize they are “missing” anything
Are there alternatives to cochlear implants?
Yes, children and adults can learn to communicate using sign language
What is a cochlear implant?
A cochlear implant bypasses damaged portions of the ear to deliver sound signals to the hearing (auditory) nerve.
It can be an option for people who have severe hearing loss from inner-ear damage who are not able to hear well with hearing aids.
What is a climbing wheelchair?
Wheelchairs have been developed that can climb stairs
With this wheelchair, people with disabilities can access more places
Are there alternatives to climbing wheelchairs?
Modify the environment
