Ethical Relativism

Question 1

asserts
that morality depends on cultural, historical, or personal circumstances

Answer 1

Ethical relativism

Question 2

asserts
that universal moral principles are applicable to all individuals, regardless of circumstances.

Answer 2

moral absolutism

Question 3

argues that moral values are shaped by social, cultural, and individual perspectives.
What is considered right or wrong is subjective and can vary across different societies.

Answer 3

Ethical relativism

Question 4

Ethical relativism denies the existence of objective,
universally applicable moral principles.

Answer 4

Rejection of Universal Moral Standards

Question 5

Each culture or society establishes its ethical framework, and
cultural traditions dictate what is considered morally acceptable or unacceptable within that group.

Answer 5

Cultural Determination of Ethics

Question 6

The norms, values, and historical contexts of a particular
society shape moral judgments. What is deemed ethical is influenced by the collective beliefs and
practices of the community at a given time.

Answer 6

Influence of Societal Norms and Context

Question 7

Ethical relativism can justify harmful or unethical practices (such
as discrimination or human rights abuses) if they are culturally accepted.

Answer 7

Justification of Unethical Practices

Question 8

By asserting that all moral codes are equally valid, relativism
discourages critical examination of harmful practices and hinders moral growth and societal
progress.

Answer 8

Prevention of Moral Progress

Question 9

In multicultural societies, ethical relativism can lead to conflicting moral
standards, making it difficult to resolve ethical disagreements.

Answer 9

Moral Inconsistency

Question 10

asserts that certain ethical principles are universal and unchanging, regardless of
cultural or individual differences.

Answer 10

Moral absolutism

Question 11

Moral laws apply to all individuals equally, regardless of culture, period,
or personal beliefs. Right and wrong are objective and unchanging.

Answer 11

Universal Moral Principles

Question 12

Ethical truths exist independently of societal norms or
traditions. Morality is not determined by cultural perspectives but is based on fixed principles that
go beyond cultural beliefs and customs.

Answer 12

Independence from Cultural Influence

Question 13

Certain actions are inherently immoral, regardless of circumstances.

Answer 13

Inherent Right and Wrong

Question 14

Regardless of nationality or culture, all individuals have fundamental rights
that should be upheld.

Answer 14

Universal Human Rights

Question 15

Regardless of context, taking another person’s life without justification is
universally condemned.

Answer 15

Murder is Wrong

Question 16

Moral absolutism can be rigid, ignoring cultural diversity and the complexity of
human societies.

Answer 16

Lack of Flexibility

Question 17

It may not provide clear answers in situations where ethical
principles conflict, such as balancing honesty with compassion

Answer 17

Difficulty in Resolving Moral Dilemmas

Question 18

Even if universal moral values exist, different cultures and individuals may
interpret and apply them differently based on context.

Answer 18

Interpretation Variation

Question 19

is the ability to make choices independently, without being entirely controlled by external forces
or deterministic factors.

Answer 19

Free will

Question 20

Individuals have control over their decisions.

Answer 20

Autonomy

Question 21

People can distinguish right from wrong and are accountable for their
choices.

Answer 21

Ethical Responsibility

Question 22

Biological or environmental factors do not entirely determine human actions.

Answer 22

Independence

Question 23

An individual works hard to overcome negative habits, which demonstrates self
improvement through conscious effort.

Answer 23

Personal Growth

Question 24

Citizens make independent political decisions without external coercion.

Answer 24

Voting in Elections

Question 25

Decisions may still be influenced by genetics, upbringing, and societal norms.

Answer 25

External Influences

Question 26

Neuroscientific studies suggest that brain activity may determine choices before conscious awareness.

Answer 26

Neuroscience

Question 27

Free will may be limited in extreme situations, such as coercion or mental illness.

Answer 27

Extreme Situations

Question 28

is the obligation to act in accordance with ethical principles and be accountable for one's actions. I

Answer 28

Moral responsibility

Question 29

Moral responsibility requires the ability to make choices. Individuals must have control over their actions and the freedom to choose between different options.

Answer 29

Agency

Question 30

People must be held accountable for the consequences of their actions, whether they were intentional or unintentional.

Answer 30

Accountability

Question 31

A person must understand the potential consequences of their actions and be aware of the ethical implications before deciding.

Answer 31

Awareness

Question 32

Moral responsibility assumes that the person is capable of understanding right from wrong. It is often considered in the context of age, mental health, or other factors that might impair decision-making.

Answer 32

Capacity

Question 33

A corporation that pollutes the environment has a moral responsibility to minimize harm to the planet and take actions to protect natural resources.

Answer 33

Environmental stewardship

Question 34

If actions are determined by prior causes (genetics, upbringing, external influences), individuals may not have true moral responsibility, as their choices aren't fully free.

Answer 34

Determinism

Question 35

The idea that outcomes often depend on factors beyond a person's control challenges the fairness of assigning moral responsibility, as two people may make the same decision but face different consequences.

Answer 35

Moral Luck

Question 36

Individuals with mental health conditions or diminished cognitive abilities may not be fully responsible for their actions, which raises ethical concerns about accountability.

Answer 36

Mental Health and Capacity

Question 37

suggests that all events, including human actions, are caused by prior conditions and cannot occur otherwise

Answer 37

Determinism

Question 38

Every action is the result of preceding causes, which influence outcomes.

Answer 38

Causality of Actions

Question 39

A combination of biological, environmental, and social factors influences human behavior.

Answer 39

Shaping of Behavior

Question 40

may be an illusion, as our choices are often shaped by past experiences and external influences, leaving little room for true autonomy.

Answer 40

Questioning Free Will

Question 41

If actions are determined by external forces or internal conditioning, it may undermine moral responsibility and accountability for one’s actions.

Answer 41

Moral Accountability

Question 42

Research shows that individuals can adapt and alter their behaviors over time, which suggests the possibility of overcoming deterministic influences through personal growth and intervention.

Answer 42

Capacity for Change

Question 42

Human decisions may not be purely determined; rather, they may involve a blend of pre-existing influences and some degree of free will.

Answer 42

Complex Decision-Making

Question 43

governs decision-making processes and ensures that companies operate with integrity and fairness.

Answer 43

Business ethics

Question 44

Companies should provide truthful information to customers and stakeholders.

Answer 44

Honesty and Transparency

Question 45

Fair wages, safe working conditions, and non-discriminatory policies are essential.Corporate Governance

Answer 45

Fair Treatment of Employees

Question 46

Businesses must ensure product safety and avoid deceptive marketing.

Answer 46

Consumer Protection

Question 47

Ethical leadership and accountability prevent corruption and fraud.

Answer 47

Corporate Governance

Question 48

A company that accurately represents its products in ads demonstrates ethical behavior, whereas misleading claims deceive consumers.

Answer 48

Honest Advertising vs. False Advertising

Question 49

Paying employees a living wage versus underpaying workers in sweatshops.

Answer 49

Fair Wages vs. Exploitation

Question 50

Implementing eco-friendly production methods versus disposing of waste irresponsibly.

Answer 50

Environmental Sustainability vs. Pollution

Question 51

focuses on the ethical obligations of businesses toward social and environmental well-being.

Answer 51

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Question 52

Reducing carbon footprints, adopting renewable energy, and minimizing waste.

Answer 52

Environmental Sustainability

Question 53

Supporting education, healthcare, and job creation initiatives in local communities.

Answer 53

Community Engagement

Question 54

Providing fair wages, safe working conditions, and respecting workers’ rights.

Answer 54

Ethical Labor Practices

Question 55

Donating a portion of profits to charities and social causes.

Answer 55

Philanthropy

Question 56

Companies using biodegradable materials to reduce environmental impact.

Answer 56

Eco-Friendly Packaging

Question 57

Supporting suppliers in developing countries by ensuring fair compensation.

Answer 57

Fair Trade Practices

Question 58

Ethical businesses attract loyal customers and improve brand reputation.

Answer 58

Consumer Trust

Question 59

Fair treatment of employees increases job satisfaction and productivity.

Answer 59

Employee Morale

Question 60

Investors are more likely to support companies with strong ethical standards.

Answer 60

Investor Confidence

Question 61

Companies practicing CSR can achieve sustainable success by aligning financial goals with social impact.

Answer 61

Long-Term Profitability