ethics

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

Deals with the study of theories of morals and morality

Question 2

Roots of ethics

Answer 2

Ethics comes from the Greek word “ethos” which means character. Morals comes from the Latin word “mores” which means character, custom or habit.

Question 3

Normative theories

Answer 3

Morals and morality
1)Theories of action: how people should act and why
2) theories of character: questions character traits that are good or bad- virtues and faults.
3)theories of value: questions about peoples values

Question 4

Metaethics

Answer 4

Examines the meaning of terms used when asking ethical questions or methods used to carry out actions

Question 5

Applied ethics

Answer 5

Applying theories of action, character or value to ethical dilemmas

Question 6

Perspective approach

Answer 6

Used when recommending certain values and character traits that are good or desirable. Philosophers decide which opinions are well supported or logical

Question 7

The ten commandments

Answer 7

One of the first recorded account of moral codes

Question 8

Kongfuzi (Golden Rule of Confucianism)

Answer 8

Humanism. Emphasizes concern for other people. “What you do not like when done to yourself, do not do to others.`

Question 9

Humanism

Answer 9

Emphasizes the human realm over the spiritual realm, focuses on free will in the making of moral decisions

Question 10

Plato and Aristotle

Answer 10

Made a list of traits that make people good- virtues

Question 11

Aristotle’s idea of the golden mean

Answer 11

Virtue (or moral excellence) is the mean, which is the path between two extremes of behaviour

Question 12

Jesus

Answer 12

People should forgive each other indetad of seeking revenge

Question 13

Augustine

Answer 13

Straying from God makes you evil

Question 14

Aquinas

Answer 14

Must follow God’s laws to achieve happiness

Question 15

Ibn Rushd

Answer 15

Believed that theologians were not always equipped to reach the highest forms of knowledge. Philosophy should play a central role in religious inquiry. Advocated for Aristotle’s ideas, and tried to reconcile them with Islam.

Question 16

Al-Kindi

Answer 16

We only borrow, we do not own.
Don’t make people sorrowful :(

Question 17

John Locke and Soren Kierkegaard

Answer 17

Tried to connect humanist and religious ethics

Question 18

Jean- Paul Sartre

Answer 18

Ethics is of individual responsibility

Question 19

Ayn Rand

Answer 19

Advocated for the virtue of selfishness

Question 20

Kwame Gyekye

Answer 20

study the ethics of cultures & societies that have been overlooked by the Western world
emphasized ethics of responsibility

Question 21

Virtue

Answer 21

a character trait that is morally good

Question 22

Good and bad

Answer 22

describe desirable and undesirable people

Question 23

Right and wrong

Answer 23

describe acceptable & unacceptable actions, people or consequences.

Question 24

Amoral

Answer 24

moral rules do not apply to it; these issues fall outside the realm of ethics

Question 25

Immoral

Answer 25

NOT MORAL

Question 26

Stoicism

Answer 26

Indifference to external things. Accept the natural order of the universe and remains indifferent to external events. Focus on controlling reactions.

Question 27

Epicureanism

Answer 27

Enjoy life while you can. Seek a pleasant life by satisfying natural and necessary desires. Avoid unnecessary or excessive desires. Moderation, relaxation and avoiding pain. Provides a balanced approach to living by prioritizing essential needs.

Question 28

Hedonism

Answer 28

If it feels good, do it. pleasure and avoiding pain are the highest aims in life. pleasure is the only intrinsic good.

Question 29

Motivational or psychological hedonism

Answer 29

All human actions are motivated by the desire to maximize pleasure and minimize pain, often unconsciously.

Question 30

Normative or ethical hedonism

Answer 30

A moral obligation exists to seek pleasure over other values, with two types: Hedonistic egoism and Hedonistic Utilitarianism

Question 31

Hedonistic Utilitarianism

Answer 31

Seek the greatest pleasure for the greatest number, considering the well-being of others.

Question 32

Hedonistic egoism

Answer 32

Seeking pleasure is justified for the individual's own benefit.

Question 33

Cynicism

Answer 33

Philosophy of a simple life. Reject materialism, social constructs and external influences. Simplicity= hapiness

Question 34

altruism

Answer 34

the belief in helping others with little or no interest in being rewarded for ones efforts

Question 35

Egoism

Answer 35

people should act in their own interest. Faced with an ethical dilemma, and egoist would decide which consequences are in their best interest

Question 36

pacifists

Answer 36

all disputes should be solved peacefully

Question 37

Militarists

Answer 37

using military forces to settle disputes is morally right

Question 38

Consequentialist

Answer 38

Non violence works better than violence

Question 39

Non consequentialist

Answer 39

violence violates peoples rights and fails to respect people