Ethics by Dr Cinita Flashcards
What are the Bioethical principles CLINICAL FEATURES
Bioethical principles for healthcare decisions:
- Autonomy: Respecting patient’s choices.
- Beneficence: Doing good for the patient.
- Non-maleficence: Avoiding harm.
- Justice: Fairness and equal treatment.
Physician assisted suicide CLINICAL FEATURES
Illegal in Oz
Nonsexual violations CLINICAL FEATURES
- Too much sharing
- Special fees
- Overtime without agreement
- Calls between sessions
- Business outside therapy
- Socializing
- First-name basis
- Treating as a friend
Sexual misconduct CLINICAL FEATURES
Boundaries in therapy:
- Discussing sexual practices or orientation unnecessarily.
- Ridiculing patient’s sexual preferences.
- Commenting on sexual history without clinical relevance.
- Requesting unnecessary details of sexual preferences.
- Engaging in conversations about sexual problems or fantasies without therapeutic purpose.
Vaccines in Oz CLINICAL FEATURES
Not compulsory but you can contact court if it’s for kids best interest and parents don’t want them
Communication with indigenous people CLINICAL FEATURES
Ask family member to accompany them to visit, or aboriginal healthcare worker, do not touch pt, esp if opposite sex
Surrogacy CLINICAL FEATURES
You cant tx couple for which the pt will be the surrogate, compensation only for medical expenses, provide the best care regardless of pts keeping the child or not, refer to mental health counseling to the mum to prefer her
Preventive Medicine CLINICAL FEATURES
-1ry: Prevent. Immunisation, quit smoking, promote sun protection in 6-13yo, anti alcohol and smoking 14-19yo
-2ry: Detect early. Screening
-3ry: Reduce Disability. Tx
CV Risk assessment CLINICAL FEATURES
E/2 years from ≥45 (35 in aboriginals). Assess risk for next 5 years
CV Risk assessment TREATMENT
- Low risk (<10%): LSM + lipids e/5y - Mod risk (10-15%): LSM for 6m and if not change tx + lipids e/12m - High risk (>15%): LSM+Tx + Lipids e/12m
AUDRISK CLINICAL FEATURES
E/3 years from ≥40 (18 in aboriginals). Assess risk for next 5 years
Hyperlipidaemia CLINICAL FEATURES
E/5 years from ≥45.
Hyperlipidaemia FIRST INVESTIGATION
Targets in pts w/ CAD
- Cholesterol <5.5
- LDL <4
- TG <2
- HDL >1
Hyperlipidaemia TREATMENT
Statins decrease cholesterol mainly
Fibrates decrease TG mainly
- HyperTG
1. Diet w/ poli-unsaturated fats
2. Fibrates & Omega 3 (fish oil)
Gastric banding:
- BMI>40 or BMI>35 with co- morbidities (DM, OSA, HTN)
Obesity:
1. LSM for 6m
2. Refer to dietician
3. Medication
Case Control Studies
Only retrospective. Case
(Disease) vs Control (Without Disease) and looking for prior exposure or RF.
- Best for outbreaks, rare diseases
