ETHICS Lessons 1-3 Flashcards
(19 cards)
is about matters such as the good thing that we should pursue and the bad thing that we should avoid.
Ethics
- highly subjective
- Judgments of personal approval and disapproval that we make are based on what we see, hear or taste.
Aesthetics
The word Aesthetics is derived from the Greek word “________” (sense or feeling).
Aisthesis
Customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession or group.
Etiquette
is an idea or opinion that’s driven by a desire to be good.
Morals
simply expresses what and how something is or might be.
Example: Knocking on the door is a virtue.
Descriptive claim
with evaluation. It includes words like: good or bad, better than, should or shouldn’t, right or wrong.
Example: Knocking on the door should be a virtue.
Normative claim
are often the source of considerable and inconclusive debates.
Example: Freedom of speech
Moral issue
is a conflict in which a person must choose between two or more actions. No matter which choice you make, someone will suffer or something bad will happen.
Example: When making a purchase at a local store, you are given too much change. Do you say something or keep quiet?
Moral dilemma
act of making an assessment on the actions or behavior of someone.
Moral judgement
is one’s guide to ethical behavior.
• The law does not tell us what we should do; it works by constraining us from performing acts that we should not do.
Examples:
No drunk driving
No underage drinking
Law
a particular system of faith and worship.
Idea: One is obliged to obey his/her God in all things.
Religion
is the belief that something is ethically right if God orders it, and morally bad if God forbids it.
Divine command theory
Each faith places various demands on its followers, resulting in seemingly contradicting ethical standards.
“Different religions, different beliefs.”
Multiplicity of religions
the patterns of learned and shared behavior and beliefs of a particular social, ethnic, or age group.
Examples:
JAPAN- do put their palms together and say “Itadakimasu” before eating.
KOREA- do not leave their chopsticks stuck in rice.
Culture
what is ethically acceptable or unacceptable is relative or dependent on one’s culture.
teaches us to be tolerant of others from different cultures, as we realize that we are in no position to judge whether the ethical thought or practice of another culture is acceptable or unacceptable.
Cultural relativism
What is ethically good or bad, right or wrong, is solely determined by the individual.
Subjectivism
Human beings are naturally self-centered, so all our actions are always already motivated by self-interest.
Psychological egoism
It suggests that we may act in a way that is beneficial to others. But we should do that only if it ultimately benefits us.
Ethical egoism
