ETHICS - SOCRATES Flashcards
(15 cards)
Who is associated with rescuing the notion of truth from the Sophists?
Socrates
Socrates lived in the 5th Century BC and sought to restore a philosophy based on Truths.
What did Socrates believe was necessary to find knowledge?
In people, not in things
This marked a shift from previous philosophical approaches.
Define ‘Psyche’ in the context of Socratic philosophy.
Soul
Psyche represents a person’s capacity for intelligence and character.
What is the main objective of the soul according to Socrates?
To know and govern daily conduct
Striving to make the soul better is essential.
What does Socrates mean by ‘The Good Life’?
Concerned with more than just contemplation
It emphasizes active engagement in moral and ethical living.
According to Socrates, what cannot justice mean?
Harming others
Justice is fundamentally about the well-being of others.
What is the term used to describe Socrates’ method of discussion?
Dialectic
It acts as an ‘intellectual midwife’ to help individuals reach new knowledge.
What is the ‘Socratic Method’?
A technique involving questioning to clarify ideas
It helps individuals articulate their thoughts and conclusions.
What is Socratic Irony?
Playing the role of someone who questions assumed knowledge
It exposes gaps in understanding.
What is the Elenchus?
Pointing out inconsistencies in opponents’ views
This method aims to clarify and refine ideas.
What does Socrates believe about definitions?
They hold definite meanings that counteract relativism
Truth exists as definitions remain consistent.
Define the teleological concept in Socratic philosophy.
Everything has an end or goal in life
Striving towards this goal fulfills one’s purpose.
What is the relationship between knowledge and virtue according to Socrates?
Knowledge is virtue
Knowing good leads to doing good.
Why do people commit evil acts, according to Socrates?
They mistakenly think they are good
Misjudgment of behavior leads to wrongdoing.
What is required to distinguish between apparent happiness and true happiness?
Knowledge
Knowledge helps choose proper behaviors leading to real happiness.
