Ethnicity differences in education

Question 1

What are the 4 external factors affecting ethnic differences in education?

Answer 1

1) Cultural deprivation- family structure and parental support
2) Cultural deprivation- linguistic skills
3) Cultural deprivation- attitudes and values
4) Material deprivation
5) Racism I’m society

Question 2

Family structure snd parental support- what does Lupton say about adults?

Answer 2

Adult authoritarian matches that of school
Asian parents- “tiger parenting”

Question 3

Family structure and parental support- what does Driver and Ballard say about Asian parents?

Answer 3

Asian families more pro school than black families. Asian families rarely lone families, bigger network of support

Question 4

Family structure and parental support- what does Scruton say about ethnic achievement ?

Answer 4

Low achievement because thin. Minorities failing to conform to British culture

Question 5

How does linguistic skills affect ethnic achievement in education?

Answer 5

Many ethnic groups lack adequate stimulation and linguistic development.

Question 6

Lingutsic skills- what does Bowker say about ethnic achievement

Answer 6

Lack of standard English creates huge barrier to uk education

Question 7

What does Bernstein say about the education system that restricts black students

Answer 7

Language codes are specific to different classes, exam boards use elaborate, black students more likely to have restricted code

Question 8

Attitudes and values- what does Arnott say the media has created?

Answer 8

Media created negative anti school role model for black pupils
Described this as “ultra tough ghetto superstar” reinforced through lyrics and MTV videos

Question 9

Material deprivation- What does the Swann report say about social class differences

Answer 9

Social class differences account for a high proportion of differences in achievement between ethnic groups

Question 10

Material deprivation- what does flaherty say about Pakistan and Bangladesh pupils?

Answer 10

Pakistan and Bangladesh 3 times more likely than whited to be in poorest 1/5 of population

Question 11

Racism in society- what does Rex say racism leads to?

Answer 11

Racism leads to social exclusion and accordingly poverty also leads to inside and outside class discrimination

Question 12

Racism in society- What was Noon’s study regarding racism?

Answer 12

Sent identical letters to top 100 uk companies with names “ evans” and “ Patel” replies to evans more helpful and informative

Question 13

What are the 4 internal factors regarding ethnic educational achievement?

Answer 13

1) labelling and teacher racism
2) pupil response and subculture
3) ethnocentric curriculum
4) institutional racism
5) selection and segregation

Question 14

Labelling- what do Gilbourne and Youdel say about teacher racism?

Answer 14

Teachers are quick to discipline black pupils than others for similar behaviours. Teachers have “racialised expectations”

Question 15

Labelling- what does Bourne say about black boys?

Answer 15

Black boys seen as threat and more likely to be in lower sets and streams

Question 16

Labelling- what does Wright say about Asian pupils?

Answer 16

Asian pupils victim to labelling due to teachers “ethnocentric views”

Question 17

Pupil response- what was Fuller and Mac an-ghall study about?

Answer 17

Studied group of y11 black girls in lower streams yet achieving highly, they did nit conform to values of school but valued educational success

Question 18

What did Mac an-ghall’s study on Asian pupils conclude?

Answer 18

Similar findings in study of Asian and black A level pupils. Each study showed how labelling does not always follow same negative pattern.

Question 19

Ethnocentric curriculum- What does a all say about the English curriculum

Answer 19

“Little Englandism” , curriculum focuses on white British culture and tries to recreate “mythical” age of empire

Question 20

Ethnocentric curriculum- what does Coard say about the curriculum ?

Answer 20

Black culture and history taught to be primitive and that white people civilised such groups

Question 21

Ethnocentric curriculum- What do Troyna and Williams say about the curriculum?

Answer 21

National curriculum “ specifically British” and focuses only on white culture ignoring non- European factors?

Question 22

Institutional racism- what does Hatcher say about racist behaviour ?

Answer 22

Racist behaviour often unchallenged and ignored. Lack of formal strategies in place to deal with such events.

Question 23

Institutional racism- what does Troyna say is a form of Institutional racism?

Answer 23

Lack of provisions for teaching Asian languages form of Institutional racism as it puts them at a disadvantage.

Question 24

Selection and segregation- What does Gilbourn say the marketisation of education has done for ethnic achievement?

Answer 24

Marketisation of education puts ethnic minorities at disadvantage as schools can be more selective of who they enroll

Question 25

Selection and segregation- what did the commission for racial equality find out regarding racial biases?

Answer 25

Identified similar biases in relation to ethnicity and education linked to :
Racist bias in enrolment interviews
Lack of info available in minority languages
Minority parents often unaware of enrolment procedures.