eu crap

Question 1

prupose of EU in 1950

Answer 1

promote peace by pooling coal and steel industries among 6 countries

Question 2

1957 treaty of rome

Answer 2

established EEC as a customs union

Question 3

when did the UK join the EE

Answer 3

Jan 1973

Question 4

four freedoms of the eu

Answer 4

free movement of
goods
services
people
capital

Question 5

benefits of the eu for the uk

Answer 5

duty - free access to the 2nd largest economy
eu immigration improving economy
trade w eu
freeom of movements for brits in the EU - Schengen Area
Eramus programme to allow brits to study in EU
Workers rights enshrined in the Maastricht treaty

Question 6

negatives of eu for britain

Answer 6

• parliamentary sovereignty undemrined
• eu democratic deficit as EC not directly elected
• common agricultural policy protects EU famrers so with little UK farmers, didnt hugely benefit from 38% EU spending
• less freedom (like 1998 working time directive)

Question 7

eu example promoting peace

Answer 7

Eu implemeted economic sanctions on russia over 48 billion in goods that would have traded with russia

Question 8

has single market been achieved in eu

Answer 8

no tariffs between eu countries, no stop on services across borders, protects businesses across the eu

14% of global trade in goods
biggest import market for over 100 countries

Question 9

single market

Answer 9

market where all trade barriers between members have been removed an dpolicies make the movement of goods and services, labour, and capital between countries easy

Question 10

economic union

Answer 10

has achieved common currency (euro), global trading bloc, single market

Question 11

leaving the EU has INCREASED parliamentary sovereignty x2

Answer 11

+ there is no longer a higher body that can strike down legislation. when britain was in the EU, UK accepted supremacy of EU law over parliamentary laws. if UK law contradicted EU law, it could be struck down by the Euro Court of Justice. 1990 Factorame Case - law lords ruled the Merchant Shipping Act of 1988 breached EU laws and parl had to repeal the law

+ parl can now legislate issues the EU once had control over. EU used to control policy eg trade, agriculture, fisheries - limiting parliament. between 1993-2014, there were 231 acts of parl passed that implemented EU obligations
Retained EU Law Act 2023, removed special status of EU law, allowed pment to revoke laws passed by eu (like regulation on ports to incr efficiency)

Illegal Migration Bill 2023 - EU used to have strong control over immigration

2018 legal continuity scotland bill ruled that control over legislation prev held by the eu that related to devolved matters should not be granted to sc but to uk parl who decides what to grant

Question 12

leaving the EU HAS NOT increased parl sovereignty

Answer 12

• it is not parliamentary sovereignty but the executive’s sovereignty, whilst 231 acts of parl were passed, 4200 pieces of secondary legislation passed.

Retained EU Law Act 2023 gave vast maj of power to amend/replace EU regulations to the exec, not to parl eg trade.
UK govt can make trade deals without parl, like 2025 deals with EU, USA

Question 13

freedom of movement of goods YES AND NO ACHIEVED

Answer 13

• tariffs between member states have been abolished in the Treaty of Rome and the establishment of the EU Customs Union mean that goods circulate freely without internal customs checks
• court of justice of the eu (CJEU) reinforced this in Cassis de Dijon 1979 which intr principle of mutual recognition, meaning product lawfully sold in one country can be sold in all the others
• The Single Market Programme 1993 further harmonised standards, and 2023, the intra-EU exports trade accounts for 68% of total EU exports.