eukaryote and prokaryote cells

Question 1

describe the general structure and contents of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 1

much smaller than eukaryote, often single celled
contains a DNA(nucleoid), cell envelope, plasma membrane, rigid cell wall, ribosomes, sometimes a capsule /flagella/ fimbriae

Question 2

describe the general structure and contents of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

much larger than prokaryote, often multi-cellular
has no/flexible cell wall, contains linear chromosomes and histones, introns/exons, mitochondria, vacuoles, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane nucleus

Question 3

what is the nucleoid and what cell type is it found in

Answer 3

it contains DNA and proteins, has no nuclear membrane and contains chromosomes as single cellular molecules
found in prokaryotes

Question 4

describe the difference between the gram +ve and gram -ve cell walls

Answer 4

a thicker multi-layer peptidoglycan is found in gram +ve prokaryote cell walls, whereas
an outer membrane, periplasm and a thinner layer of peptidoglycan are found in a gram -ve

Question 5

what features of pathogens are targets for antimicrobials

Answer 5

the cell wall, membrane, ribosomes and DNA

Question 6

what is the role of LPS and what gram classification of prokaryote is it found in the cell wall of

Answer 6

found in gram -ve cell wall above outer membrane

it provides structure as well as being an antigen and bacterial toxin

Question 7

state the central dogma for prokaryotic protein synthesis

Answer 7

gene(DNA), mRNA(DNA dependant RNA polymerase), Ribosome(tRNA), Protein

Question 8

what are the 5 requirements of prokaryotic cell growth

Answer 8

Food (C, O, H, N, vitamins etc.)
Temp. (normal body temp.)
H ion conc. (pH 6.8-7.2)
Osmotic protection 
Oxygen

Question 9

how is planktonic growth modelled

Answer 9

as a distinct 4 phase growth