Eval 2 MOA Flashcards
(28 cards)
Intranasal corticosteroids (Triamcinolone actonide, Fluticasone propionate)
Inhibit multiple cell types and mediators and effectively stop the allergic cascade
Antihistamines
1st gen
Compete with histamine at central and peripheral histamine 1 receptor sites preventing histamine receptor interaction and subsequent mediator release
Loratadine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine
Compete with histamine at central and peripheral histamine 1 receptor sites preventing histamine receptor interaction and subsequent mediator release
Inhibit the release of mast cell mediators and may decrease cellular recruitment
Cromolyn
Mast cell stabilizer
Blocks the influx of calcium into mast cells thereby preventing mediator release
Orlistat
Decreases absorption of fat
Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipases and specifically reduces absorption of fat by inhibiting hydrolysis of triglycerides
Benzocaine
Numbs the mouth/tongue/taste buds to alter the taste of food
Ocular Lubricants/Artificial Tears
Ability to stabilize tear film, protect the corneal and conjunctival cells, reduce tear evaporation with the combination of lipids, enhance wound healing and lubrication of the ocular surface
Increasing viscosity results in more prolonged ocular contact time and greater resistance to tear dilution
Phenylephrine, Naphazoline, Tetrahydrozoline, Oxymetazoline
Acts primarily on alpha adrenergic receptors of the ophthalmic vasculature to constrict conjunctival vessels, thereby reducing eye redness and eyelid edema
Decongestants
Pheniramine/naphazoline, Antazoline/naphazoline
Specific histamine 1 receptor antagonists
Ketotifen fumarate
Very potent H1 receptor antagonist
Thereby preventing acute histamine mediated allergy symptoms
Inhibits mast cell degranulation preventing the release of inflammatory mediators
Inhibits eosinophils, thereby inhibiting the release of late-phase mediators
Hyperosmotics
Sodium chloride 5% ointment
Increases the tonicity of the tear film promoting movement of fluid from the cornea to the more highly osmotic tear film
Carbamide peroxide 6.5% in glycerin
Softening, loosening, removing excessive ear wax
When exposed to moisture, nascent oxygen is released slowly and acts as a weak antibacterial, mechanically breaking down and loosening cerumen that has been softened by glycerin
Docusate sodium
Emollient, soften earwax
Hydrogen Peroxide
Releases nascent oxygen when exposed to moisture and acts as a weak antibacterial
Flush the ear canal when softening or removing earwax
Isopropyl alcohol 95% and glycerin 5%
Drying agent
Solvent, emollient, hygroscopic properties
Skin disinfectant
Acetic Acid
Bactericidal and antifungal
Pyrithione Zinc
Selenium Sulfide
Anti-Malassezia activity
Reduces the yeast count in the scalp and skin
Binds strongly to both hair and the external skin layers of the scalp
Ketoconazole
Antifungal
Coal Tar
Phototoxicity
Ability to cross-link with DNA and arrest excessive skin cell proliferation
Salicyclic Acid
Decreases skin pH which causes increased hydration of keratin and therefore facilitates its loosening and removal
Sulfur
Psoriasis
causes increased sloughing of cells and reduces corneocyte counts
Topical Hydrocortisone
Anti-inflammatory
Vssoconstrictive
Immunosuppressive: on cellular activity which can result in decreased redness and itching
Benzoyl Peroxide
Keratolytic Comedolytic Antibacterial Introduces oxygen into the environment thereby killing P. acnes Causes peeling
Hydroxy Acids
AHA: Polyhydroxyl
Keratolytic
