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From Flashcardlet > Eval - contrast exams > Flashcards

Eval - contrast exams Flashcards

0
Q

Advantage of performing a double contrast exam.

Examples?

A

To see the lumen and mucosal layer of the organs

Polyps
Ulcerative colitis
Barrett’s

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1
Q

Four layers of tissue in the digestive tract

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

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2
Q

Two names for the ring of muscle at the distal end of esophagus

A

Cardiac center

Lower esophageal sphincter

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3
Q

Esophagus begins at which vertebral level? Enters stomach at?

A

C6

T11

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4
Q

What and where is the esophageal hiatus

A

T10

Opening in the diaphragm

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5
Q

Two reasons that a patient should be recumbent when drinking barium for AP Esophagus

A

To allow complete feeling of the esophagus

Demonstrate variceal distentions

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6
Q

CR for AP PA esophagus

A

Perp T5/T6 and MSP

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7
Q

How to tell is pt drinking barium when told to

A

Esoph will be full

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8
Q

Eval for AP PA esop

A

Esoph in front of vertebra

Symmetrical sc joints costovertebral joints and ribs

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9
Q

When should NOT use water soluble contrast

A

Dehydrated

Kidney problems

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10
Q

What position and projections for esophagram

A

AP/PA
RAO
Right Lateral

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11
Q

RAO esophagus demonstrates what? What if cant do RAO? How much oblique

A

35-45
LPO as alternative
See wider uninstructed view btwn vertebra and heart shadow
Best shows cardiac sphincter

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12
Q

Eval of correct RAO esophagus

A

Open glenohumeral
Left ribs elongated
Open intervertebral foramina
See all barium filled esophagus

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13
Q

CR for RAO esophagus

A

Perp to T5 and 2” lateral to left side

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14
Q

Purpose of right lateral esophagus?

Demonstrates what?

A

Should be anterior to vertebra behind heart. Elevates stomach to allow barium to stay in esophagus longer
Shows anterior and posterior borders

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15
Q

CR for Rt lateral esophagus

A

Perp to T5 and MCP

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16
Q

Why important to recognize body habitus

A

Can greatly change stomach location

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17
Q

Sthenic sits where? CR? %

A

All LUQ
L1L2
50%

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18
Q

Asthenic

A

J shaped and dips into pelvis
L1/L2
10%

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19
Q

Hyposthenic

A

Upper and lower left quadrants
Some j shaped but not dipped
35%

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20
Q

Hypersthenic

A

Btwn upper left and rt quadrants
Sits horizontal
5%

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21
Q

AP/PA UGI demonstrates barium in?

A

Fundus if stomach

22
Q

CR for AP/PA stomach ( habitus )

A

L1/L2 and halfway btwn vertebral column
Hyper - in middle T12/L1
Hypo and asthenic - 1-2” lateral

23
Q

Trick to center for UGI

A

Center at level of elbow

24
Q

Breathing instructions for UGI

A

Expiration

25
Q

LPO UGI is oblique? CR? Demonstrates what (air/barium)

A

45
Perp to L1L2 and halfway btwn MSP and left lateral border
Barium filled fundus
Air filled lower body and pylorus

26
Q

RAO UGI oblique? CR? Demonstrates?

A

45
Perp to L1L2 halfway btwn MSP and left margin
Air filled fundus
Barium filled pulleys

27
Q

When is peristalsis most active

A

RAO

28
Q

Right lateral UGI demonstrates what best?

A

Pylorus and duodenum filled with barium and body of stomach in profile
Shows anterior and posterior aspects

29
Q

CR for rt lat UGI

A

Perp to L1L2 halfway btwn MCP and anterior body

30
Q

Position best demonstrates hiatal hernia

A

Trendelenburg

31
Q

7 reason for scout

A 
Bowel cleared
No contrast from previous exam 
Anatomy location
Artifacts
Exposure factors
Air in intestines
Gallstone or kidney stones, any pathology
32
Q

Why pt be recumbent for AP/PA SB follow through?

Why prone best?

A

Help spread out loops of bowel

Compresses tissue

33
Q

When is SB complete? What do they do?

A

When barium reaches cecum

Then do compression spot to look at terminal ileum

34
Q

CR for SB

A

1st film and hour – L2

After 30 mins – L4

35
Q

How might accelerate SB study

A

Mobile– walk, RAO, rt lateral
Talk about food
Immobile – RAO, rt lateral, slightly elevate table
Slip some gastrociew in with barium

36
Q

What is enteroclysis

A

Dual contrast exam of bowel with use of methycellulose (-contrast) and barium (+contrast)

37
Q

Primary purpose for enteroclysis

A

See lumen and mucosal layer

38
Q

Describe enteroclysis

A 
Feeding tube placed into duodenum
Bag of barium and bag of methycellulose dual bag system
Set to rate of 100ml/min
Barium first then methycellulose 
Images taken as it flows through
39
Q

Flexure most superior

A

Splenic

40
Q

PA of BE demonstrates what better

CR

A

Transverse colon

MSP and L4

41
Q

What disorders does ACBE show

A

Polyps
Colon cancer
Ulcerative colitis
Carcinomas

42
Q

Why do obliques for BE… Rotation…. LPO/RPO …. RAO/LAO

A

To see flexures
35-45 degrees
LPO/RAO show hepatic flexure
RPO/LAO show splenic flexure

43
Q

What does lateral of BE show… Other position possible? CR?

A

Rectum
Ventral decubitus
Perp to ASIS and MCP

44
Q

True lateral rectum

A

Sacrum in profile

Super ischial tuberosities, hips, femurs

45
Q

AP Axial shows? CR? True position

A

Sigmoid
30-40 cephalic and 2” below ASIS
Elongated sigmoid, rami and spinous process

46
Q

CR for PA Axial sigmoid

A

30-40 caudal level of ASIS

47
Q

What is projection for lateral decubes for ACBE

A

AP or PA

48
Q

CR for decubes ACBE

A

Perp to L4 and MSP

49
Q

What demo on Rt lateral decubitus air vs barium

A

Air medial ascending and lateral descending

Barium lateral ascending and medial descending

50
Q

Left lateral decubes show air and barium where?

A

Air lateral ascending and medial descending

Barium medial ascending and lateral descending

51
Q

How to tell if erect for AP or PA ACBE and where is CR

A

See horizontal fluid line

Slightly lower CR closer to ASIS bc organs drop

52
Q

Ventral decubitus ACBE …. Position, projection, CR, demonstrates?

A 
Ventral decubitus
Lateral
Horizontal and perp to L4 MSP
Posterior aspect of rectum with air
Anterior aspect with barium

From Flashcardlet (23 decks)

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