every topic for aqa biology triple separate science Flashcards
(113 cards)
1
Q
What is the basic unit of life?
A
The cell.
2
Q
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
A
False.
3
Q
Fill in the blank: The process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy is called __________.
A
photosynthesis.
4
Q
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
A
To synthesize proteins.
5
Q
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Ribosome D) Endoplasmic Reticulum
A
B) Mitochondria.
6
Q
What is the role of DNA?
A
To store genetic information.
7
Q
True or False: All living organisms undergo cellular respiration.
A
True.
8
Q
What is osmosis?
A
The movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
9
Q
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the cell that controls what enters and exits.
A
cell membrane.
10
Q
What is the main component of the plant cell wall?
A
Cellulose.
11
Q
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule? A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) Lipids D) Nucleotides
A
D) Nucleotides.
12
Q
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
A
To act as catalysts and speed up the reactions.
13
Q
True or False: Enzymes can be used up in a reaction.
A
False.
14
Q
What is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells?
A
Mitosis.
15
Q
Fill in the blank: The __________ theory states that all living things are composed of cells.
A
cell.
16
Q
What is homeostasis?
A
The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism.
17
Q
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells? A) Chloroplast B) Mitochondria C) Nucleus D) Ribosome
A
A) Chloroplast.
18
Q
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
A
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
19
Q
True or False: All cells have a cell wall.
A
False.
20
Q
Fill in the blank: The __________ is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
A
lysosome.
21
Q
What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
A
To synthesize proteins and lipids.
22
Q
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? A) Energy production B) Protein synthesis C) Selective permeability D) Photosynthesis
A
C) Selective permeability.
23
Q
What is a gene?
A
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
24
Q
True or False: Both plant and animal cells contain chloroplasts.
A
False.
25
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the liquid component of the cell where organelles are suspended.
cytoplasm.
26
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.
27
Multiple Choice: Which process occurs in the mitochondria? A) Photosynthesis B) Cellular respiration C) Protein synthesis D) DNA replication
B) Cellular respiration.
28
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
29
True or False: DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
True
30
Fill in the blank: The process by which plants make their food using sunlight is called __________.
Photosynthesis
31
What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
32
Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for water absorption?
Roots
33
What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis
34
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA D) dRNA
D) dRNA
35
What are the four bases of DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
36
True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.
True
37
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
It absorbs light energy.
38
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.
Nucleus
39
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus; eukaryotic cells do.
40
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? A) Energy production B) Regulation of entry and exit of substances C) Protein synthesis D) DNA replication
B) Regulation of entry and exit of substances
41
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Water absorption and formation of feces
42
True or False: Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
True
43
What is the pH range of acidic solutions?
Below 7
44
Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.
Circulatory
45
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
46
Multiple Choice: Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood? A) Heart B) Liver C) Kidneys D) Lungs
C) Kidneys
47
What is osmosis?
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
48
True or False: All enzymes are specific to a particular substrate.
True
49
Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that can make their own food.
Autotrophs
50
What is natural selection?
The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
51
Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria? A) Photosynthesis B) Glycolysis C) Krebs cycle D) Fermentation
C) Krebs cycle
52
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Support, movement, and protection of organs.
53
True or False: The human body has 206 bones.
True
54
Fill in the blank: __________ are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses.
Neurons
55
What is the main function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen.
56
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart? A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries D) Venules
C) Arteries
57
What is the main role of the immune system?
To protect the body against pathogens.
58
True or False: Vaccines work by mimicking an infection.
True
59
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells.
Mitosis
60
What is meiosis?
The process of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
61
Multiple Choice: What is the role of the pancreas? A) Produce insulin B) Digest proteins C) Filter blood D) Store bile
A) Produce insulin
62
What is the function of the liver?
To detoxify chemicals, metabolize drugs, and produce bile.
63
True or False: The skin is the largest organ of the human body.
True
64
Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for gas exchange in the body.
Respiratory
65
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Nutrient absorption.
66
Multiple Choice: Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels? A) Adrenaline B) Insulin C) Thyroxine D) Estrogen
B) Insulin
67
What is the role of the gallbladder?
To store and concentrate bile.
68
True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in the mitochondria.
False
69
Fill in the blank: __________ are proteins that act as biological catalysts.
Enzymes
70
What is the significance of the cell cycle?
It regulates cell growth, replication, and division.
71
Multiple Choice: Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination? A) Innate immunity B) Passive immunity C) Active immunity D) Specific immunity
C) Active immunity
72
What is the function of the endocrine system?
To regulate body functions through hormones.
73
True or False: The pituitary gland is known as the 'master gland.'
True
74
Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino acids
75
What is the primary role of the nervous system?
To coordinate and control body activities.
76
Multiple Choice: Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem D) Thalamus
B) Cerebellum
77
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
To regulate body temperature and homeostasis.
78
True or False: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight.'
True
79
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of water movement out of cells.
Osmosis
80
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
81
Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA D) dRNA
A) mRNA
82
What is the function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
83
True or False: The stomach is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption.
False
84
Fill in the blank: __________ is the main energy currency of the cell.
ATP
85
What is the role of the cell wall?
To provide structural support and protection in plant cells.
86
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of living organisms? A) Growth B) Reproduction C) Response to stimuli D) All of the above
D) All of the above
87
What is biodiversity?
The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
88
True or False: Extinction is a natural process.
True
89
Fill in the blank: __________ is the study of how living organisms interact with one another and their environment.
Ecology
90
What is an ecosystem?
A community of living organisms and their physical environment.
91
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a biotic factor? A) Temperature B) Water C) Plants D) Soil
C) Plants
92
What is a food chain?
A sequence of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food.
93
True or False: Producers are at the bottom of the food chain.
True
94
Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that break down dead or decaying organic material.
Decomposers
95
What is a habitat?
The natural home or environment of an organism.
96
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a non-renewable resource? A) Solar energy B) Wind energy C) Fossil fuels D) Biomass
C) Fossil fuels
97
What is the greenhouse effect?
The trapping of heat in the Earth's atmosphere by greenhouse gases.
98
True or False: Climate change is primarily caused by human activities.
True
99
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of converting nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants.
Nitrogen fixation
100
What is the role of a keystone species?
To have a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.
101
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of symbiosis? A) Predation B) Competition C) Mutualism D) Parasitism
C) Mutualism
102
What is the carbon cycle?
The series of processes by which carbon compounds are interconverted in the environment.
103
True or False: Eutrophication is caused by excess nutrients in water bodies.
True
104
Fill in the blank: __________ is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
Ecology
105
What is the role of pollinators?
To transfer pollen from male to female parts of flowers, facilitating reproduction.
106
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a renewable resource? A) Coal B) Oil C) Wind D) Natural gas
C) Wind
107
What is an invasive species?
A non-native species that spreads widely in a new habitat.
108
True or False: All ecosystems are stable and unchanging.
False
109
Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
Heterotrophs
110
What is succession?
The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.
111
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary producer? A) Herbivore B) Carnivore C) Plant D) Decomposer
C) Plant
112
What is the role of fungi in an ecosystem?
To decompose organic matter and recycle nutrients.
113
True or False: The nitrogen cycle involves the conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia.
True
