Everything Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
Red Reserva Dao
A
2 years
2
Q
Ruby Reserve- AKA Premuim Ruby
A
Replaced the term “vintage character”
Basically the next level up from straight ruby
3
Q
What is the most oxidative style of port
A
Tawny
4
Q
What are the four major port styles
A
Ruby (inc. Vintage LBV, Crusted & singla Quinta)
Tawny (Barrel aged) (incl Colheita, 10yr, 20yr, 30yr, etc.)
White
Rose
5
Q
What is White- 67% Muscatel de Setabul
A
White moscat de alexandria
6
Q
What is the capital of Maderia
A
Funchal
7
Q
Ruby port includes what sub catagories
A
Vintage, LBV, Crusted
8
Q
Tawny Port
A
are simply lighter styles due to provenance of grapes, less thourough extraction and the addition of white port. Lesser vineyards and vintages contribute to these wines; Displays more coffee, dried fruit and nuts. It displays a lighter color from aging in wood and is historically aged in Vila Nova de Gaia (although no longer mandatory since 1986). Does NOT improve with bottle age
9
Q
Madeira made be prduced where?
A
Madeira itself or neighboring Porto Santo
10
Q
What is the main grape of Palmela?
A
Castelao (min 66.7%) is required
11
Q
What is COlheita port?
A
Tawny port from a single vintage
12
Q
What reserve port must age for how long?
A
7 years
13
Q
What is Vinho abafado
A
Partially fermented must preserved with alcohol common in Carcavelos
14
Q
Vintage port has what two subcatagoris
A
Crusted (a blend of more than one vintage)
Single Quinta (Vintage port that comes form a single estate vineyard)
15
Q
Wines labeled Bairrada Classico wines must have what?
A
Min 12.5 % alc vs. 11% required by DOP
16
Q
Pico DOP produces what?
A
Fortified white wines of the Acores Islands, highest vineyards in Portugal
Agin min 3 years
Min alc 16%
Verdelho, arenito and Terrantez are authorizes
17
Q
Madeira without a variety on the label is usually a product of what grape?
A
Tinta Negra (Not legally allowed to be labeled)
18
Q
LBV port is usually ged for how long
A
4-6 years
19
Q
What is the preferred soil type for port?
A
Schist
20
Q
what percentage of a given grape must be present if labeled varitelaly for Vinhos Liqcoroso
A
85%
21
Q
Reserver Tawny
A
Aged at least 7 years prior to bottling
A blend of several cintages
Does not improve with bottle age
22
Q
Vintage Port
A
Most expensive style of all port
Vintages are only declared in exceptional vintages (1-3x a decade)
Must be authorized by the IVDP
Aged in cask until July 30th of the 4rd yeaer following harvest
Back to back or “plit vintages” are eextremely rare
23
Q
Red Nobre Reserva
A
42 months min
24
Q
4 Noble white grapes of Madeira?
A
Serial (Esgana Cao)
Verdelho (Gouveio)
Boal (Malvasia Fina)
Malmsey (Malvasia Candida)
25
White Nobre Reserva
12 Months Min
26
Vintage port must be what?
From a single vintage and aged 2-3 years in barrel
27
What is produced in Bairrada?
Red (baga) mostly but also white and rose
28
Bairrada min % for red grapes
Must be min 50% baga
29
What styles of wine are permitted in Palmerla
Red (min 66.7% Castelao)
White (Arinto)
Rosado
Espumante
Licoroso
30
What supplemental grapes may be added in some parts of the DAO
CS, Semillion, but may never make up more than 40% of a blend
31
What is Estagio?
90 days rest after the wine is heated before it goes to barrel
32
What are the 3 subzones of the Duero from West to East?
Baixo Corgo
Cima COrgo
Duero Superior
33
Where is Baga most common
Bairrada
34
If Madeira is a vintage blend with variety what must that variety constitute?
100%
35
What are Franquiras wines?
Mande buy the Canteiro process, these are the best wines with a min of 20 years in barrel
36
Red Nobre Garrafeira
min 48 months with 18 in bottle
37
White Nobre Garrafiera
min 18mnths with 9 in bottle
38
Define Levadas
Canals that run down madeira irrigating it
39
Label the Madeira varietals from driest to sweetest
Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malmsey
40
Where are the steepest vineyards in Portugal found?
The Acores Islands- Pico DOP it is a world hertiage site
41
What are the three companies involved in the madeira wine trade
Production
-(eight companies that make the wine and are mostly based in Funchal)
-Vinhos Justino Henriques is the largest one
-
Shippers (London)
-Trade wine rather than make it, they select wine from a producer and bottle it under their own label
Partidistas
- store and sell wine at maturity for a profit
- Similar to almacenistas of sherry
42
What are the three sub zones of Transmontes?
Chaves, Valpacos, Planalto Mirandes
43
What madeira grape tends to get the darkest with afe
Bual
44
Talk about the Algarve IGP
```
4 subzones
Lagos DOP
Portimao DOP
Lagoa DOP
Tavira DOP
```
Each dominated by a co-op
Red- Castelao & Tinta Negra Dominate
White-Arinto & Siria
45
What does the Lisboa subzone of Lourinha only make?
Aguardente
46
Wines from the Dao may be what?
Red white or sparkling
47
What is the main soil type of Bairrada?
Clay (barros)
48
Dao wines may label their wines as garrafeira if what?
Min alc increases from 11-11.5%
49
Define Poios
Walls of basalt stone that support terraces on Madeira
50
20 year port must be what?
Tawny in style and a blend of vintage with at least 20 years barrel aging
51
Tawny + Age (10, 20, 30, 40 only)
Not an actual age indication but rather the IVDP deems that it tastes like a (10.20,30,40) year
By 40 the wines show rancio character
Often racked and blended with newer wine to discpalce evaporation
52
Most vineyards on Madeira are trained how?
Pergola system on low trellises known as latadas in order to combat fungal disease due to the dampness
53
Peninsula de setabul includes what two DOP zones?
Setabul and Pamela
54
White Nobre Wines
Min 15% Encruzado, Max 85% Comp
1 year aging
Min 11.5%
55
What are the three subzones of Transmatano
Chaves
Valpacos
Planalto Mirandes
56
3 subzones of the Duoro West to East
Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Duoro Superior
57
What is made in Carcavelos?
Red _Castelao & Preto Martinho
Whie- Arinto, etc...
The wines are fermented dry and then fortified with Vinho abafado (Partially fermented must preserved with alcohol)
Must be aged for 2 years in barrel AND 6 months in bottle
58
What is Vinhos Licoroso and where is it found?
Setabul- Sweet white and fortified reds from the Torna Viagem process (same as madeira)
White- 67% Muscatel de Setabul (alenandria)
Red- 67% Moscatel Roxo
Wines may be tabled varietally if 85% of stated grapes are included
These wines spend up to 6 months BACK on the skins after fermentation nd fortification
JM. Fonseca is the most important producer
59
What is the law of "one third"
Port houses may only sell one third of their inventory
60
What is the subzone of Vinho Verde meant for Varietal Alvarinho?
Mancao e Melago
61
Define the Estufagem process
Wine is heated in Estufa (stainless with heating coils) for a min of 3 months. It is then rested (estagio) for 90 days before going into cask. Wines may not be released until 2 years after harvest.
THIS IS CHEAPER VERSION
62
White Nobre wines in Dao must be what/
Min 15% Encuzado
Max 85% Cercial, Bical, Malvasia
min 1 year aging
Min alc 11.5
63
Madeira:
| Reserve
Reserve: Older than 5, less than 10
Specialty reserve: Older than 10 but less than 15 (heated in canteiro)
Extra reserve (older than 15 but less than 20
Solera:fracitonal blending and canteiro process, not permitted by EU/ Wines are topped up with older wine not younger
64
LBV Port
Always the product of a single vintage
Spends between 4-6 years in cask before bottling
Has the mellowed tones of Tawny and the youthful fruit of ruby
Most a fined before bottling so decanting is unnecessary
Generally do not improve with bottle age
"Superior" styles often unfiltered and need decanting
"superior" styles may be labled Envelheciendo em Garrafa" indicating an additional min. 3 years of bottle aging
65
Bairrada most planted red grape
Baga
66
Ruby port
(includes vintage Port) are bottle aged. They tend to exhibit darker color, youthful fruit more agreesivly firey notes.
67
W. Reserva Dao
6 mpnths
68
Single Quinta Vintage Port
```
The product of one estates harvest
This is mostly for if a port house can not confidently declare a vintage, they will do a single vintage bottling of a single estates wine.
" Warre's - Quinta da Cavadinha
" Taylor's - Quinta de Vargellas
" Dow's- Quinta do Bonfirm
```
69
Peninsula de Setabul used to be known as what?
Terras do Sado
70
What ABV is the fortification for MAdeira
95% grape spirit imported from France
71
What is the other version of the estufagem process?
Armazens de Calor
| -Here the wine is heated in rooms near steam pipes and tanks as opposed to stainless vats
72
Describe the canteiro process
Wine is aged in cask in warm lodge attics for a min of 2 years.
They may be bottledat a min of 3 years.
Best wines (franquieras) remain in cask for 20 years +
73
Define "Torna Viagem"
"Round Trip" The process of heating wine through the production process
74
What is normally planted more inland of COlares
Castelao (red) on Chao Rijo Soil (hard rock)
75
The IVDP is to Port as _______________ is to Madeira
IVBAM
| The wine embroidery handicraft institute of madeira (regulates harvesting and production methods)
76
Tejo River AKA
Tagus or Tajo (Spain)
77
Name three single Quinta vintage ports
" Warre's - Quinta da Cavadinha
" Taylor's - Quinta de Vargellas
" Dow's- Quinta do Bonfirm
78
4 grapes Red for port production
```
Touring Franca
TOurigan Nacional
Tinta Roriz (Temp)
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Cao
```
79
What are the three DOP of the Acores Islands
Pico DOP
Biscoitos DOP
Graciosa DOP
80
What w as the first vintage of Barca Vehla?
1952
81
How many of the 9 Acores islands have DOP?
3
82
What is Portugals Highest mountain Range and where is it found
Dao- The Serra de Estrella
83
Define the climate of Madeira
Subtropical
84
Name 4 grapes for white port prpoduction
Rabigato
Viosinho
Malvasia
Gouveio
85
Describe rainwater
Multivintage blend
| Usually 100% Tinta Negra, the wines is medium dry and the youngest wine in the blend must be at least 3 yeats
86
DAO wines may be tabled as Nobre "noble" if what?
Red- min 15% TN, Max 85% Jaen (Mencia)
Must age min 3 years w
min alc 12%
87
What are latadas
Low trellises to combat fungal disease
88
What is Estufa?
The stainless steel vats with heating coils for madeira where the wines are heated to 113-122F and held for 3 months
89
What is the most important sub region of Alentejo
Portalegre- on the granitic slopes of Sao Mamede Mountains
Trincadeira is the most important grape
90
What is made in the Lisboa ssubzone of Bucelas?
75% Arinto (White)
91
What are the two modern heating process for Madeira
Estufagem and Canteiro
92
How are the vines in Colares usually planted?
In trenches to protect form marine winds
93
Labeling just garrafeira in Dao means what?
Min alc increase from 11-11.5%
94
What is Biscoitos DOP?
Acores Islands DOP
For same thing as Pico DOP
Agin min 3 years
Min alc 16%
Verdelho, arenito and Terrantez are authorizes
95
Colheita Tawny Port
Vintage dated port
| Min 7 years in cask
96
Estufagem wines may be released when?
Not until 2 years after harvest
97
What is a lagar?
Traditional vessel port was fermented in
98
Vintage Dated Madeira
Colheita-
- min 85% vintage
- aged for a min of 5 years
- harvest or colheita may be used but not Vintage
- may be single variety or blend
Frasquiera
-vintage aged for a min 20 years
s-single or blend
-since only 85% must be from vintage it is sometimes topped up with younger wine
Vinho da Roda/Vindo da Torno/Vinho da Volta
- Wines actually age across the equator
- Shortridge lawson is a producer
99
What is Vinho da Roda/Vinho da Torno/Vinho da Volta
- Wines actually age across the equator
- Shortridge lawson is a producer
-SUPER RARE
100
Name two common white grapes in Bairrada?
Maria Gomes
| Arinto
101
What are the two styles of white port?
Standard and Reserve
102
Aging requirements for DAO reserva
Red - 2 years
| white- 6 mnths
103
If Madeira is a multi vintage blend with variety what must that variety constitute?
85%
104
Define Selecionnado
Multvinttage blend
can be label "finest" "choice" or "select"
blend is at least 3 years but less than 5
Heated in estufagem not barrel
Dominated by tint negra
105
Red Nobre Dao
Min 15% TN, Max 85% Comp Varities
3 years aging
min 12%
106
What is Quercus Suber? Where is it most commonly found?
Cork Tree- Alentejo IGP
107
The wines of Tejo may be what?
Red white or rose
Castelao and Fernao Pires dominate
108
What is the major workhorse grape of Madeira
Tinta Negra (Not legally allowed to be labeled)
109
What is Estufagem and Cantieero
The 2 modern heating process known for in madeira
110
What/where is the Graciosa DOP?
Acores Islands DOP, Makes dry UNFORTIFIED white wines
