Evidence

Question 1

List evidence which can be gathered during investigation

Answer 1

• Physical evidence (documents, objects etc)
• Forensic Evidence (DNA, fingerprints etc)
• Digital Evidence (computer, CCTV etc)
• Expert witness evidence
• Intelligence
• Other sources

Question 2

Define material

Answer 2

Material is defined as ‘material of any kind, including information and objects which is obtained in the course of a criminal investigation and which may be relevant to the investigation’

Material may be relevant to an investigation if it appears that it has some bearing on any offence under investigation, or on the surrounding circumstances of the case, unless it is incapable of having any impact on the case.

Question 3

Define Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

Answer 3

Carried out in a manner that is calculated to ensure that the persons who are subject of the surveillance are unaware that it is or may be taking place

Question 4

What is Directed Surveillance?

Answer 4

Within RIPA, covert surveillance is classed as Directed Surveillance if it is undertaken:

a) For the purpose of a specific investigation or a specific operation
b) In such a manner as is likely to result in the obtaining of private information about a person (whether or not one specifically identified for the purpose of the operation) and
c) Otherwise than by way of an immediate response to events or circumstances the nature of which is such that it would not be reasonably practicable for an authorisation for this part to be sought for the carrying out of the surveillance

Question 5

What is Intrusive Surveillance?

Answer 5

Within Section 26(4), covert surveillance is classed as intrusive surveillance if it:

• Is carried out in relation to anything taking place on a residential premises or in a private vehicle and
• Involves the presence of an individual on the premises or in the vehicle or is carried out by means of a surveillance device.

Question 6

Define ANPR

Answer 6

Automatic Number Place Recognition

Used to help detect, deter and disrupt criminality at a local force, regional and national level. ANPR provides lines of enquiry and evidence in the investigation of crime.

Question 7

What is a reactive investigation?

Answer 7

Basic searches of ANPR data can be used to assist in any investigation where a vehicle is or may be involved. It can help to:

• Locate lost or stolen vehicles
• Identify the movements of a vehicle(s) used in the commission of a crime
• Identify the vehicles of people in particular location during particular time parameters to assist in identifying a suspect, victim or potential witness

Question 8

What is a Proactive Investigation?

Answer 8

ANPR can help to:

Research the movements of a vehicle which may belong to or be used by suspect

Locate a vehicle in support of a surveillance operation

Initiate a trigger plan or an arrest plan

Develop intelligence about the activities and lifestyle of a subject prior to an operation

Question 9

List what you should do when examining results

Answer 9

• Record
• Retain
• Review
• Reveal