Information and Intelligence Flashcards
Define information
Information is the very life-blood of policing. It may be original and generated by you. It may come from the public or other officers or be fed to you by partner agencies and other sources.
It is all information obtained and recorded for policing purpose.
Where does information come from?
External: - Partner agencies
- house to house
Policy: - Force Policy
- CPS guidelines
Internal: - Directly/indirectly obtained information
- CHIS/Test purchase by undercover officers
- police intelligence databases
- police national database
- I-LEAP
- Social networking sites such as Facebook, twitter
- open sources (search engines)
- Supervisors
- specialist department (e.g. NPT/Public protection)
How would you trace witnesses?
- At or near the scene
- Returning to the scene
- Watch schemes
- Crimewatch UK
- Crimestoppers
- Road checks
- Witness boards
- Noticeboards outside police stations
- Local newspapers and social media
What are methods of information gathering?
- Searching the PNC
- Local intelligence units
- Method index
- Witness albums
- Photofit, e-fit and artist’s impressions
- Section parades and briefings
- Enquiries at adjoining stations
- Observations
- Circulations
- Golden nominal concept
Define intelligence
Intelligence is: Collected information that has been developed for action and may also be classified as confidential or sensitive.
This is information that has been formally processed (collated and analysed) but it does not only relate to crime and criminality. It is NOT necessarily evidence.
Why do we need intelligence?
- Increased mobility of criminals
- Changes in the nature of crime
- Anti-social behaviour
- Public Disorder
- International and domestic terrorism
What is the National Intelligence Model?
Standardised framework to place intelligence at the forefront in reducing crime and disorder - Informs strategic and tactical decision making
Describe the National Intelligence Model (NIM levels)
Level 1 - Neighbourhood and BCU - local intelligence and local intel units
Level 2 - Force and Neighbouring forces - regional intelligence and force intelligence bureau
Level 3 - National and International - National Intelligence and National crime agency
Who is involved in the management of information and intelligence?
LIO - Local Intelligence Officer
FIO - Field Intelligence Officer
SPOC - Single Point of Contact
What is the NIM
National Intelligence Model: It is dependent on clear framework of analysis of information and intelligence, allowing a problem solving approach to law enforcement and crime prevention techniques
What is the intelligence cycle?
Direction - Collection - Evaluation - Analysis - Dissemination
What policies and procedures are involved in information and intelligence?
- National Intelligence Model
- 3x5x2 grading system
- National briefing model
- Managing information
- CHIS national policy
What is provenance?
Provenance allows the source of intelligence to be protected in order to avoid any unnecessary risks to them
What are the government security classification
Official
Secret
Top secret
What sources of information and intelligence are there?
- Open/closed sources
- PNC
- PND
- Policing registers
- Other forces/agencies
- Covert human intelligence sources (CHIS)
- Social Media
- Community intelligence
