Evidence for evolution

Question 1

What are the 4 postulates that make up theory of evolutions by nat selection

Answer 1

1. indivs withing species are variable
2. Some variations are passed to offspring
3. 3.in each gen, more offspring are made than that can survive
4. survival and reproduction are not random

Question 2

types of fossis

Answer 2

petrified, imprint, whole, cast

Question 3

whole fossil

Answer 3

very rare,
when in ice, amber

Question 4

petrification

Answer 4

when remains are turned to stone
decays but mineral water soaks into holes

Question 5

imprints

Answer 5

footprints, outlines of leaves, feathers
determine, location, weight, size, bone structure, length

Question 6

mould/cast

Answer 6

organisms buried in clay/mud
body dissolves and the hole is filled with rock

Question 7

ways to date fossils

Answer 7

using location
in what strata layer
using radio dating

Question 8

Homologous structures

Answer 8

look same, diff purpose
used to see if they have common ancestor

Question 9

vestigial

Answer 9

unused structures, possibly used in the past, suggests common lineage

Question 10

ex of vestigial

Answer 10

moving ones ears, dogs can, most humans cant

Question 11

comparative embreology

Answer 11

mammals looks similar as an embryo
suggest lineage

Question 12

how do you use Molecular Biologyto figure out
Evolutionary Relationships

Answer 12

compares the amount of amino acids, look at dna

Question 13

modern synthesis

Answer 13

based on 2 propositions
1. gradual evolution caused by small genetic changes that are acted on by natural selection
2. Origin of species in higher taxa can be explained in terms of nat selection in indivs

Question 14

Macroevolution

Answer 14

evolution at higher scale, larger than species
result of microevolution over many gens

Question 15

microevolution

Answer 15

evolution within a species,
by mutation, selection, gene flow, genetic drift

Question 16

What is biogeography

Answer 16

• Species tend to be
  more closely related
  to other species
  from the same area
  than to other
  species with the
  same way of life but
  living in different
  areas

Question 17

What are some evidence of evolution

Answer 17

fossils, comparative biology, comparative embryology,Evolutionary Change as Observed Through Artificial Selection, molecular biology