Evidence For Evolution

Question 1

Biogeography

Answer 1

Similar species are found in similar ecosystems around the world.

Question 2

Morohology

Answer 2

Comparing structure

Question 3

Homologous Structure

Answer 3

Body parts with similar structure but possible different function.
Shows common ancestry.

Question 4

Analogous Structure

Answer 4

Similar structure develops in organisms that share and ecosystem but not a common ancestry.

Question 5

Biochemical or Molecular

Answer 5

Similarities in gene sequences, proteins and DNA.

Question 6

Relative Dating

Answer 6

Age of fossils based according to their location in strata.

Question 7

Strata (plural of stratum)

Answer 7

A layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.

Question 8

Absolute Dating

Answer 8

Age of fossils determined by analyzing the content of radioactive isotopes found in the fossils. Also known as radiometric dating.

Question 9

Half-life

Answer 9

Length of time required for half of the radioactive elements to change into another stable element.

Question 10

Domain

Answer 10

Highest taxonomic rank of organisms in which there are three groupings: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

Question 11

Archaea

Answer 11

Any of the unicellular microorganisms that is genetically distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions.

Question 12

Bacteria

Answer 12

Microscopic, single-celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera that posses a prokaryotic type of cell structure, which means their cells are noncompartmentalized, and their DNA can be found in the cytoplasm rather than within the membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 13

Eukarya

Answer 13

Domain comprised of eukaryotes or organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus.

Question 14

Eukaryote

Answer 14

Any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cell contains a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 15

Cytoskeleton

Answer 15

A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

A membrane-bound structure that contains the cell’s hereditary information and controls the cell’s growth and reproduction.

Question 18

Membrane-bound Organelles

Answer 18

Eukaryotic cells contain many membrane-bound organelles. An organelle is an organized and specialized structure within a living cell. The organelles include the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes, mitochondria, and, in plants, chloroplasts.

Question 19

Endomembrane System

Answer 19

The outer membrane on any of the organelles within the cell.