Evo final

Question 1

fossil record

Answer 1

history of earth

Question 2

6 pros of the fossil record does

Answer 2

discover species
ancestral states
mutation rates
patterns
biogeography
geological events

Question 3

cons of fossil records

Answer 3

incomplete

Question 4

why is the fossil record incomplete?

Answer 4

hard to be a fossil and found

Question 5

radiometric dating

Answer 5

use of chemical signals to determine age of rock (half-life radioactive isotopes)

Question 6

how old is universe

Answer 6

14 billion

Question 7

When was precambrian

Answer 7

2500mya- 541 mya

Question 8

4 time periods to know in order

Answer 8

Precambrian
Palezoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

Question 9

Palezoic Life

Answer 9

animals diversify in ocean

Question 10

Mesozoic life

Answer 10

organisms moving onto land, vertebrates

Question 11

What mass extinction ended the Pre-Cambrian Period

Answer 11

Cambrian Explosion

Question 12

What were 3 notable Pre-Cambrian Events

Answer 12

First photosynthesis
Last universal common ancestor
Aerobic respiration

Question 13

When was the palezoic era?

Answer 13

541 mya- 252 mya

Question 14

Paleozoic life

Answer 14

Green algae, trilobites, arthorpods, bony fishes

Question 15

Major Paleozoic events

Answer 15

Plants, winged insects, jawed fishes

Question 16

How did Paleozoic end

Answer 16

Permian Mass extinction

Question 17

Mesozoic time period

Answer 17

252mya-66mya

Question 18

3 Mesozoic Periods

Answer 18

Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous

Question 19

What happened in Jurrasic

Answer 19

Assembly of Pangaea

Question 20

2 things that happened in Jurassic Period?

Answer 20

Dinosaurs
Pangaea splits

Question 21

Thing that happened in cretaceous period?

Answer 21

Angiosperm dominance

Question 22

Life in Mesozoic

Answer 22

Dinosaurs, mammals, flowering plants

Question 23

What ended the Mesozoic

Answer 23

KPG extinction event

Question 24

When cenozoic?

Answer 24

66mya-present

Question 25

4 things in cenozoic

Answer 25

Bering Land Bridge Movement of Continents Ice Age Evolution of Angiosperms

Question 26

Life in Cenozoic

Answer 26

Angiosperms, mammoths, mammals (cooled down)

Question 27

allopatric specation

Answer 27

separated by geographic barrier

Question 28

vicariance

Answer 28

Barrier forms and separates

Question 29

dispersal

Answer 29

population moves and becomes distinct (no gene flow)

Question 30

sympatric speciation

Answer 30

population separates without barrier

Question 31

parapatry

Answer 31

separation without a barrier but with reduced gene flow

Question 32

Sexual dimorphism

Answer 32

sexes are different

Question 33

anisogomy

Answer 33

different gametes

Question 34

sexual selection

Answer 34

selection caused by competition for mate

Question 35

batemans principle

Answer 35

variability in reproductive success is greater in males than females (females need more energy for offspring)

Question 36

parental investment

Answer 36

unequal distribution among sexes of energy

Question 37

combat

Answer 37

no female choice component

Question 38

sperm competition

Answer 38

mates with multiple, sperm battle

Question 39

infanticide

Answer 39

kill offspring

Question 40

female choice

Answer 40

female selects phenotypes

Question 41

environmental sex determination

Answer 41

sex determined by temp

Question 42

red queen hypothesis

Answer 42

running to stay in place (TxW)

Question 43

Family suffix

Answer 43

-idae

Question 44

classification

Answer 44

codification of systematic studies

Question 45

taxonomy

Answer 45

study of classificaiton

Question 46

Order of thingies

Answer 46

Kung fu Panda Cant Outlast Food Generated Exercise

Question 47

Critera for name

Answer 47

Published Declaration of Intent Description Deposition (loanable)

Question 48

Holotype

Answer 48

named by discoverer and chose a representative

Question 49

Lectotype

Answer 49

specimen from og author but designation by someone else with the specimen

Question 50

Neotype

Answer 50

if a holotype no longer exists, someone can pick a new one

Question 51

plesiomorphy

Answer 51

ancestral

Question 52

apomorphy

Answer 52

derived

Question 53

synapomorphy

Answer 53

shared derived characteristics

Question 54

parsimony

Answer 54

easiest is best

Question 55

parsimony pro

Answer 55

accurate with small samples, good for constant mutaiton rate and no homoplacy

Question 56

parsimony con

Answer 56

gene trees differ, homoplacy and variable mutation rates interfere

Question 57

ortholog

Answer 57

(want to use) loci decended from same locus

Question 58

paralog

Answer 58

(dont want) loci decended from duplication event

Question 59

Maximum likelihood

Answer 59

statistical model that calculates the probability of data is given the assumptions of the model

Question 60

Equation of Max Likelihood

Answer 60

a1/copies of gene and pick smallest one

Question 61

Boostrap support

Answer 61

statistical method to measure support of a node from 1-100

Question 62

Balesian Inference

Answer 62

Probability that the allele frequency in the population is equal to any given value

Question 63

Balesian Inference depends on

Answer 63

prior data

Question 64

Balesian Inference Pro

Answer 64

robust statistical support complex data

Question 65

balesian Inference con

Answer 65

can b very slow posterior probably values tend to be higher prior information can be a bad thing

Question 66

edemicitity

Answer 66

taxa that originated and diversified in a given area

Question 67

Biogeographical realms

Answer 67

ARW says 6

Question 68

competitive displacement

Answer 68

species weeds out another

Question 69

biotic displacement

Answer 69

species dies off an another fills in

Question 70

puctuated equilibrium

Answer 70

periodis of stasis

Question 71

phyletic gradualsim

Answer 71

branchy graph

Question 72

symplesiomorphy

Answer 72

ancestra character state present in 2+ taxa

Question 73

autamorphy

Answer 73

derived character state which is unique to single taxon