EVOLUTION Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is chordata?
a characteristic that we all share at some point of our lives
what four characteristics do all chordates share?
Notochord: supported backbone till fully developed
post-anal tail: tail from your butt
Pharyngeal gill slits/pouches: gills that you lose before you are born
hollow, dorsal nerve cord: only one we still have as adults
what chordata do we belong to?
phylum
What do fossils show in evolution?
show older organisms that could have changed or may not be around any more.
Homologous structure?
similar in structure but different in functions show evidence of common ancestors
Analogous structures?
similar function but don’t show evidence of common ancestors
vestigial structures?
remnants of organs or structures that had a function in early ancestors
Variation?
difference in physical traits
adaptations?
features that allow organisms to better survive in it’s environment, led to genetic differences in population.
divergent evolution
descent with modification, species are being modified.
convergent evolution?
coming back together (full circle) .
Natural selection?
variation in domesticated plants and animals
Artificial selection?
where humans select traits through breeding
Heritability?
trait passed down
Struggle to survive?
due to overpopulation or limited resources
Geography?
populations show variation from one island to another
Embryology?
identical larvae different adult body forms
coevolution
the idea that organisms don’t evolve by themselves they evolve with other things that influence them.
TR Malthus
economist
Cuvier
catastrophism( earth is shaped by sudden and sharp changes)
Lyell
uniformitarianism (states that the earth is always changing)
Gradualism
changes happen slower
punctuated equilibria
changes are abrupt
lamarck
inheritance by acquired characteristics
