Evolution

Question 1

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Answer 1

Theory of acquired inheritance.
- Organisms change when they need to survive.
-Change involves an increase in the size of useful structures.
-Characteristics acquired in an organism’s lifetime are passed to offspring.

Question 2

Influences on Darwin

Answer 2

Charles Lyell’s Geology Text
Fossil Evidence
Galapagos Islands
Artificial Selection
Malthus’ Essay on Population

Question 3

Influences on Darwin
Charles Lyell’s Geology Text

Answer 3

Natural processes have always been the same on the earth; if so, the earth must be millions upon millions of years old, with slow gradual changes which shaped life on the planet.

Question 5

Species

Answer 5

A group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.

Question 6

Gene Pool

Answer 6

The entirety of all genes found with in a population

Question 7

Reproductive Isolating Mechanism- Pre-zygotic

Answer 7

Seasonal, temporal, habitat, behavioral, structural, and sperm dies.

Question 8

Reproductive Isolation Mechanisms- Post-Zygotic

Answer 8

Embryos die, offspring grow sick and die, sterile, and maladapted.

Question 9

Tempo of Evolution: Adaptive Radiation

Answer 9

Sudden burst of evolution in which one or a few species evolve into several or many new species.

Question 10

Tempo of Evolution: Gradualism

Answer 10

Slow, gradual change due to adaptation over millions of years.

Question 11

Tempo of Evolution: Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 11

Species do not change much overtime then change suddenly due to environmental crisis, takes a few to change and mutations, not adaptation.

Question 12

List the evidence of evolution

Answer 12

Fossil record, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, molecular record, vestigial structures.

Question 13

Comparative Anatomy: Homology

Answer 13

Similarity in structure and origin indicates common ancestry.

Question 14

Comparative Anatomy: Analogy

Answer 14

Similarity in functions but not structure.

Question 15

Comparative Anatomy: Convergent Evolution

Answer 15

Similar structures evolve in species that are NOT closely related, due to similar environmental pressures.

Question 16

Comparative Embryology

Answer 16

The more closely embryos of different species resemble each other, the more recently they share common ancestry.

Question 17

Vestigial Structures

Answer 17

Structures that have no apparent function; must have had a function in their past ancestor.

Question 18

Taxonomy

Answer 18

Science of classification and nomenclature (naming)