Evolution Flashcards
(39 cards)
Where did Cuvier observe change?
Past
Where did Lyell observe change?
Present/Future
What is evolution?
The development of new organisms from previously existing types of organisms over time
What is strata?
new layer of rock on top of old rock
What did Cuvier do?
Noticed past organisms differ from today’s
What is catastrophism?
Sudden geologic catastrophes that caused extinction of large group of organisms in past
What did Jean Baptiste Lamarck do?
Change over time
inheritance of acquired characteristics
What book did Charles Darwin write?
On the Origin of Species
What was On the Origin of Species?
Descent w/ modification
Natural selection drives evolution
What is descent with modification?
Species reproduce
Species change over time
What was Darwin’s proposed mechanisms for descent with modification?
Natural Selection
What is overproduction?
More can survive to maturity
What is genetic variation?
Differ in traits
What is differential reproduction>
Certain traits more likely to survive
“survival of the fittest”
What is an example of evidence of evolution?
fossil record
What is the principle of superposition?
Young dirt on top of old dirt on top of bottom
Principle of Original Horizontality?
Rocks deposited in nearly horizontal beds
Principle of crosscutting relationships?
Layers of rock cannot be fractured and moved until the layer exists
Principle of lateral continuity?
Sediments deposited laterally in all directions
What is relative age?
Older/younger
What is absolute age?
Number of Years
What is biogeography?
study of organisms throughout the world
What is an analogous structure?
structure similar in function
what is a homologous structure?
structure w/ similar evolutionary origin
