Evolution - Variation And Adaptation

Question 1

What is evolution?

Answer 1

Evolution is the process of biological change over time based on the relationships between species and their environments.

Question 2

What is variation?

Answer 2

Structural, functional or physiological differences between individuals

Question 3

Why is variation important

Answer 3

1. The environment is not constant, some variations are helpful and some not, based on what that change looks like
   2.the variation will allow the species to survive the change
2. a frequent variation will become a “trait” of a population (eg. Birds have wings)

Question 4

How does variation occur?

Answer 4

Sexual reproduction, mutation

Question 5

What is an adaptation?

Answer 5

A structure, behaviour or physiological process that helps an organism survive and reproduce.

Question 6

What is a mutation?

Answer 6

1.the only source of new genetic variations
2. Permanent change in the genetic material of an organism

Question 7

What is selective advantage?

Answer 7

a genetic advantage that improves an organism’s chances of survival, usually in a changing environment.

Question 8

What is an example of structural adaptation?

Answer 8

Snow leopard - short legs and long tail to balance and run

Question 9

What is an example of physiological adaptation?

Answer 9

Monarch bad tasting

Question 10

What is an example of behavioural adaptation?

Answer 10

Puff adders. Step on them, they don’t move

Question 11

What is Mimicry?

Answer 11

evolutionary adaptation where one organism (the mimic) resembles another organism (the model) in some way, often to deceive a third organism (the dupe).

Question 12

What is an example of mimicry?

Answer 12

Monarch butterfly

Question 13

What is the peppered moth an example of?

Answer 13

Industrial melanism