EWT- the cognitive interview Flashcards
(11 cards)
what is the purpose of the cognitive interview? who first developed it?
improve accuracy of EWT
Fisher developed it
what are the 4 main techniques of the CI?
- report everything (even if seemingly irrelevant)
- mental reinstatement of original context e.g. environment and feelings
- changing the order
- recalling incident from another person’s perspective
what is the purpose of reporting everything?
avoids leading questions and some info may help trigger other more relevant memories
what is the purpose of mental reinstatement?
thinking about where you were acts as context cues
thinking about how you felt acts as state cues
what is the purpose of changing the order?
harder to fill in gaps with schemas
what is the purpose of recalling from someone else’s perspective?
harder to fill in gaps with schemas and makes you think about what you really saw so may trigger you to remember
how does Kohnken et al support cognitive interview?
conducted a meta analysis of 50 studies and found a 34% increase in amount of correct info recalled using cognitive interview
how does Milne and Bull support cognitive interview?
compared the four techniques alone and found :
that each technique used alone produced more info than standard interview
also found a combination of ‘report everything’ and ‘mental reinstatement’ produced best recall
how can some research show the CI to not be so good?
CI increases amount of accurate info but also inaccurate info- especially change order and perspective which might cause confusion and people become muddled in accounts/ make things up
how can it be difficult to compare usefulness of CI?
many different versions of it that police use- some don’t use it because it takes time to train police and CIs are very long
what good thing has come from use of CIs?
Fisher developed the ENHANCED COGNITIVE INTERVIEW which focused on the social dynamics of the interaction
e.g. when to establish and relinquish eye contact, how to reduce anxiety, minimise distractions, asking open ended questions