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exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3 tiers of TRIAGE SYSTEM

A

Emergent
Urgent
Non urgent

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2
Q

Triage tier level for life threatening

A

emergent

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3
Q

examples of emergent triage tier

A

chest pain w diaphoresis
hemorrhage
resp distress
stroke
vital sign instability

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4
Q

examples of urgent level triage

A

severe abdominal pain
displaced or multiple fractures
renal colic
resp infection
soft tissue injuries

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5
Q

what triage tier would a chest pain pt w diaphoresis be

A

emergent

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6
Q

what triage tier would a pt w resp distress be

A

emergent

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7
Q

what triage tier would a pt w severe abdominal pain be

A

urgent

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8
Q

what triage tier would a pt with displaced or multiple fx be

A

urgent

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9
Q

what triage tier would a pt with renal colic be

A

urgent

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10
Q

what triage tier would an older adult pt w resp infection be

A

urgent

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11
Q

what triage tier would a pt w a simple fracture be

A

non urgent

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12
Q

what triage tier would a pt with a rash be

A

non urgent

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13
Q

what triage tier would a pt with soft tissue injuries be

A

urgent

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14
Q

what is disposition

A

providers decision of where pt should go after discharge from ED

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15
Q

what should you do with IV lines and indwelling tubes when a pt dies in bed from trauma, suspected homicide or abuse?

A

leave them in place

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16
Q

what level is a trauma center that provides care from prevention through rehabilitation

A

level 1

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17
Q

what lvl trauma center is a community hospital that can provide care to vast majority of injured pts

A

level 2

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18
Q

what lvl trauma center is a rural hospital that focuses on initial injury stabalization & pt transfer

A

level 3

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19
Q

what lvl trauma center is located in a rural/remote setting

A

level 4

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20
Q

What to check during primary survey

A

Airway/cervical spine
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
*ABCDE

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21
Q

If there is excessive bleeding what should be checked during primary survey

A

Circulation
Airway/cervical spine
Breathing
*If a pt is bleeding hella, call a CAB

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22
Q

What should be checked during secondary survey

A

comprehensive head to toe
identify other injuries

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23
Q

what should be anticipated during 2nd survey

A

gastric tube & urinary catheter
prep for diagnostic studies
application o f splints & temp dressings

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24
Q

what should be done before disposition is determined

A

assess psychological needs
consult w social services and rehab team
coordinate w other support services as needed
be alert for human trafficking signs
implement SBIRT

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25
what is SBIRT
screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment
26
should you give a pt w heat exhaustion a salt tablet
no
27
can you give a pt with heat exhaustion plain water
no it'll worsen sodium deficit
28
what should you rehydrate a heat exhaustion pt with in a clinical setting
IV 0.9% saline
29
what labs should be done on heat exhaustion pt
serum electrolyte analysis
30
what can happen if heat stroke is untreated
organ dysfunction or death
31
how does exertional heat stroke happen
strenuous activity in hot, humid conditions
32
how does classic non exertional heat stroke occur
chronic exposure to hot humid environment over time
33
body temp over 104 degrees F indicates
heat stroke
34
signs of a heat stroke
temp over 104 altered mental status hypotension tachycardia tachypnea elevated cardiac troponin
35
how would a heat stroke pts heart rate be
tachy
36
how would a heat stroke pts breathing be
tachy
37
how would heat stroke pts cardiac troponin be
elevated
38
what kind of IV should be inserted in heat stroke pt
IV with large bore needle or cannula
39
How should core temperature be measured in heat stoke pt
rectal probe
40
what kind of snake has depression or pit between each eye and nostril
pit viper
41
rattlesnakes, copperheads and coppermouths are what kind of snakes
pit vipers
42
snakes with red, black rings separated by yellow cream rings are
coral snakes
43
what is the most significant risk of snake bite
airway compromise and resp failure
44
what to do with snake bite pt
ensure IV lines have resuscitation equipment available contact poison control
45
how would you treat a bee sting allergic rxn
epi pen
46
what imaging would be done for pt struck by lightning and where
CT of head
47
what lab should be done for pt struck by lightning
CK
48
what do CK labs diagnose
skeletal muscle damage
49
what should be given prophylactically to pt struck by lightning
tetanus
50
where should pt struck by lightning follow up
burn center
51
what should lightning burns be covered with in community setting
sterile dressing
52
what material should be avoided in cold weather
cotton
53
what clothing material should be worn in cold weather
synthetic clothing
54
a body temperature of 90-95 indicates
mild hypothermia
55
a body temp of 82.4 to 90 indicates what
moderate hypothermia
56
body temp below 82.4 indicates
severe hypothermia
57
body temp below 95 indicates
hypothermia
58
what position should hypothermia pt be placed in
supine
59
how should hypothermia pt be internally rewarmed
warm IV fluids heated oxygen heated lavage (peritoneal, pleural, gastric)
60
what is a lavage
the washing out of a body cavity with water or medicated solution
61
what frostbite grade is hyperemia and edema
grade 1
62
what frostbite grade has large, clear to milky, fluid filled blisters with partial thickness skin necrosis
grade 2
63
what frostbite grade has small blisters containing dark fluid, body part that is cool, numb, blue or red and doesnt blanch
grade 3
64
what frostbite grade has a blister over carpal or tarsal that is numb, cold, bloodness and has necrosis that extends to muscle and bone
grade 4
65
how should frost bite affected area be rapidly rewarmed
swirled in water without touching side of container
66
why should you not let frost bite affected area touch side of container during rapid rewarming
to prevent tissue damage
67
how should frost bite affected area be elevated
above heart level
68
what should you assess frost bite for
compartment syndrome
69
what is compartment syndrome
when pressure increases and restricts blood flow
70
what immunization should be given for frostbite
tetanus
71
how should frostbite dressings be
loose ,non-adherent and sterile
72
disaster that occurs inside hospital
internal disaster
73
disaster that occurs outside hospital
external
74
what color triage is emergent class 1
red
75
what color triage can wait for care and is class 2
yellow
76
what color triage is non urgent/ walking wounded class 3
green
77
what color triage allows pt to die and is class 4
black
78
what color triage is class 4
black
79
what color triage is class 2
yellow
80
what color triage is class 3
green
81
what color triage is class 1
red
82
total arterial blood flow is called
perfusion
83
blood flow through tissues is
peripheral perfusion
84
blood flow through heart is
central perfusion
85
functional site of blood formation
bone marrow
86
spleen tissue that is filled w WBCS, a major site of antibody production and filters out bacteria and old RBCs
white pulp
87
what spleen tissue is storage site for RBCs
red pulp
88
what spleen tissue contains ends of many blood vessels
marginal pulp
89
process of controlled blood clotting
hemostasis
90
process that prevents over enlargement of fibrin clot
fibrinolysis
91
anti-clotting deficiency increases risk for
venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, strokes
92
pallor or cyanosis indicates
reduced perfusion
93
thin/absent hair can indicate
poor perfusion
94
most common symptom of sickle cell disease crisis
pain
95
labs for sickle cell
hemoglobin S (HbS) percentage on electrophoresis hematocrit reticulocyte count
96
how will hematocrit be during sickle cell crisis
low
97
how will WBC be during sickle cell crisis
high
98
imaging for sickle cell
xray CT PET MRI
99
sickle cell pain management uses
morphine & hydromorphone PCA Hydroxyurea Endari Crizanlizumab Hydration
100
combination hormone drugs for contraceptive may increase what in sickle cell pts
clotting
101
hemoblobin less than 13.5 in men indicaress
anemia
102
hemoglobin less than 12 in women indicates
anemia
103
how would heart rate be after meal and activity in pt with anemia
continuous and rapid
104
most common type of anemia
lack of iron
105
pernicious anemia is a deficiency of
vitamin b12
106
rare life threatening anemia from not enough RBCs
aplastic anemia
107
how to treat iron deficiency anemia
increase oral intake of iron
108
how to treat pernicious anemia
increase vitamin b12 intake
109
aplastic anemia treatment
blood transfusions immunosuppressive therapy

concept 3 (17 decks)

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