Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PEDS > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What should head look like birth during physical assessment?

A

Symmetric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When does the POSTERIOR fontanel close?

A

8 Weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When does the Anterior fontanel close?

A

12 - 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When a baby is 6 months and hears a loud startling noise, how do they react?

A

Arms and legs symmetrically extend and THEN abduct while fingers spread to form a C shape .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In what “direction” are motor skills assessed?

A

In a cephalocaudal direction (head-to-toe) w/ ears being inspected last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What should a child be able to do by 4 months?

A

grasp objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do toddlers say “no” and throw tantrums?

A

They are trying to gain control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How should a parent respond to a temper tantrum?

A

Ignore it = basic concept in behavior modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

By 2 months, what type of sound should a baby make?

A

single vowel sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By 3-4 months, what type of sounds should a baby make?

A

Add consonants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many teeth should a baby have by 1 year ?

A

6-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What position should a child be in to prevent SIDS?

A

on their back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

By 3 months of age, and infant should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Raise their head and shoulders from a prone position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does a bulging fontanels a manifestation of?

A

CNS infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What position should a child carset be in until 2 years old?

A

Reverse and in the back seat

*until 2, or if the while outgrows their height or weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

By 8 months, a child should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Sit steadily without support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

By 10 months, a child can should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Can move from prone to sitting

Can stand while holding onto a chair and can lift one foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many doses of Heb B should a baby should receive and when?

A

3 doses

-birth
-1-2 months
-6-18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If a mom is HepB surface antigen is positive, when should the baby receive Hep B?

A

Within 12 hours of birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When giving a child younger than 3 years old ear drops, how should you hold the ear?

A

down and back
*this opens ear canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What can a furrowed brow indicate in an infant ?

A

pain or distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What should the nurse do, before taking a toddler’s vital signs?

A

Inform the toddler what they are doing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

By 15 months of age, a child should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Stand without support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the steps for taking the weight & height of a 6 month old?

A

1) place disposable covering on scale
2) zero scale
3) weight baby
4) measure from crown of head to the heel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are key facts regarding safety for small children

A

-food should be small and non-circular (due to small airway)
-plastic bags should be tied so children cannot find them and put them over their heads
-mattress covers should fit snuggly to prevent infant/child to be caught between slats of crib and mattress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are two health promotion items to educate parents on?

A

1) how to manage tantrums
2) Dental care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How can a parent help prevent jaundice?

A

Early and frequent feedings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What percentile is considered undernourished and is labeled “failure to thrive”

A

less than 5th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What should always be asked before giving a vaccine?

A

Allergies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the age ranges for the FLACC pain scale?

A

2 months - 7 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the screening tool that is “mostly” used for the development of a child

A

Denver II developmental screening tool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What order should an abdominal assessment be completed in?

A

-Inspection
-Auscultate
-light palpation
-Deep palpation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Erickson - toddlers

A

Independence
Negative / need for autonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Age 5 - what developmental level are they in

A

imaginary + creative play, play cooperatively w/ peers and can speak in complete sentences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are some nursing interventions for giving injections to children?

A

Quickly
Keep parent with child
Have child hold a cherished object (toy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How do we know a child is ready for toilet training?

A

They have the sensation of needing to urinate or defecate.

They are able to communicate

Their spinal cord allows voluntary control

Nighttime control develops last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are safety precautions for a 2 year old that families can make at home?

A

Gates
pool fences
cupboard locks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Erickson - 4 years old

A

Light on at night
Role play (mimic you)

39
Q

What age should a child stop having an imaginary friend, and what it is a sign of if they do

A

Age 6

Sign of developmental delay

40
Q

What pain scale should we used for a child between 3-6 years old?

A

Faces scale

41
Q

Age 3-6 are what kind of thinkers?

A

Magical thinker

42
Q

How do preschoolers make judgements based on?

A

Visual appearances

Example; if child has 2 moms, this is what they see as normal

43
Q

What age does gender identity develop

A

3

44
Q

By 18 months of age, a child should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Jump in place with both feet
pulls and pushes toys
independant gait
parents and

45
Q

Why is sleep and rest important?

A

It is an increase period of growth

46
Q

If there is abuse, what needs to happen?

A

Parents are not allowed with child

47
Q

What are ways to quickly assess if a child has vision and/or hearing problems?

A

Look for s/s such as squinting

48
Q

By 4 years of age, a child should be able to do what regarding their body position and how do they play?

A

Role pay
balls
hand puppets
reading

49
Q

Dental = deciduous (primary) teeth finalized

A

preschool years (starts around 30 months)

50
Q

What is a good food to give children who are 2 years old?

A

Bananas (easy to chew and swallow)

51
Q

By age 3, a child should be able to do what regarding their body position?

A

Ascend stairs

52
Q

What are children age 12-36 months at risk for?

A

iron deficiency anemia

53
Q

What should a parent do if they come into contact with poision?

A

Call poison control

54
Q

What needs to be done if a child presents with a high fever, severe dyspnea, and drooling?

A

Prepare for nasotracheal intubation

55
Q

What is MMR vaccine contraindicated?

A

Congenital immunodeficiency

56
Q

When giving injection to a preschooler, what size needle should be used?

A

Use smallest size needle (1.8 mm - 0.5 mm). This is adequate to pass through subcutaneous tissue and entire muscle

57
Q

What age does a child received the 2nd dose of Varicella (VAR)?

A

4 years old

58
Q

A child who is 4 years old and is on airborne precautions, should be given what?

A

large-piece puzzle as an activity

59
Q

Language for age 3-4 years old

A

sentences using 3-4 words.

60
Q

Language for age 4-5 years old

A

sentences using 4-5 words.

61
Q

When should preschooler be evaluated for speech therapy?

A

If they mispronounce words and speak in a nasally tone. IT could be caused by weakened muscles of tongue, oft palate and face.

62
Q

When should the med atomoxetine (for ADHA) be given?

A

In the morning

63
Q

What are expected findings for autism?

A

Repetitive movements like rocking

64
Q

What are expected findings for a child who is being bullied?

A

Poor academic performance

65
Q

What is a nursing action for a child with depression?

A

encourage group discussions, mentoring, counseling

66
Q

What are expected findings for depression?

A

Isolation and loneliness

67
Q

What are nursing actions for autism?

A

Reward system for positive behaviors

68
Q

Ericksons development for age 6-12 years old

A

Industry vs inferiority

Allow opportunity to keep up with their school work

69
Q

What needs to be the focus when managing a dying child

A

Manage pain and discomfort.

Do NOT focus on death or organ donation

70
Q

What are typical things a 15 year old is concerned about (especially during hospital stays)

A

Body image
peer relationships
support from peers

**what will my scar look like?

71
Q

What immunization is important for an adolescent going to collage?

A

meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine

72
Q

What increases the chance of suicide in adolescents?

A

a previous suicide attempt

73
Q

What is a lateral curvaton of the spine in a 10 year old?

A

Scoliosis

74
Q

What level of drop in BP is considered orthostatic hypotension?

A

S = more than 20
D = more than 10

75
Q

What are Erickson’s stages from birth to adolescent ?

A

Birth - 1 = trust Vs mistrust
1-3 = Autonomy vs shame and doubt
3-6 = Initiative vs guilt
6 - 12 = Industry vs inferiority
12-20 = identity vs role confusion

76
Q

Milestone for 2-3 months?

A

Begins to hold head up
makes cooing and gurgling sound

77
Q

Milestone for 4-5 months?

A

rolls from stomach to back
sits with support
PALMAR grasp
Babble and copies sounds

78
Q

Milestone for 6-9 months?

A

Rolls in both directions
sits without assistance
crawl
Birthweight is doubled
moved objects from one hand to the other
stranger anxiety

79
Q

Milestone for 10-12 months?

A

2 finger grasp
Understands “no”

80
Q

Milestone for 12 months?

A

May - 1st steps alone
birthweight tripled
2 finger PINCER grasp
hits 2 objects together
pokes with index finger
MAMA / DADA
separation anxiety
searches for hidden objects

81
Q

Milestones for 18 months

A

Throws ball overhand
Build blocks 3-4 high
Turns 2-3 pages at a time
scribbles
stays 10+ words
1 step verbal commands
Ownership “mine”
explores along with parents close by

82
Q

Milestone for 2 years

A

Walks up and down stairs alone
kicks ball
runs without falling
bulds 6-7 blocks
turns pages 1 at a time
draws a line
300+ words
can form 2-3 phrases
parallel play

83
Q

Milestone for 3 years

A

walks upstairs alternating feet
pedals tricycle
jumps forward
craws circle
3-4 sentences
“why”
follow 2-3 step instructions
associative play
toilet trained

84
Q

Milestones for 4 years old

A

hops on one foot
climbs and jumps
catches ball 50% of time
draws square
pours liquid
cuts
sings song from memory
would rather paly with children rather than alone

85
Q

Age for immunization: Hep B

A

Birth
1-2 months
6-18 months

86
Q

Age for immunization: Polio (IVP)

A

2 months
4 months
6-18 months
4-6 years

87
Q

Age for immunization: DTap (<7 years old)

A

2 months
4 months
6 months
15-18 months
4-6 years

88
Q

Age for immunization: PCV

A

2 months
4 months
6 months
12-15 months

89
Q

Age for immunization: Hib

A

2 months
4 months
6 months
12-15 months

90
Q

Age for immunization: Influenza

A

6 months, then yearly

91
Q

Age for immunization: MMR (Measles, mumps, rubella)

A

12-18 months
4-6 years

92
Q

Age for immunization: Varicella

A

12-15 months
4-6 months

93
Q

Age for immunization: Hep A

A

12-24 months
6 months after 1st does

94
Q

Age for immunization: Meningococcal B

A

At 16

PEDS (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions