Exam 2 Flashcards
(54 cards)
What are the expected findings with Otitis media?
-Recent / hx of upper respiratory infection
-acute onset of changes in behavior
-frequent crying, irritability, fuzziness
-inconsolability
-tugging at the ear
-turning head side to side
-report of ear pain
-loss of appetite
-nausea and vomiting
-fever (can be up to 104 F)
Do you measure the head circumference for bacterial meningitis?
Yes, until the fontanels and sutures have closed (@18 months). Once they are closed, then you no longer need to measure since it cannot change.
What is Willebrand disease?
A bleeding disorder where von Willebrand factor (vWF) is not binding properly, so a child is more at risk for bleeding.
Epistaxis (nose bleeds), bruising, and bleeding after oral surgery are common
What nursing intervention should be done for a bloody nose, for a child who has Willebrand disease?
Apply pressure with the thumb and forefinger to the child’s nose for 20 minutes, then check for further bleeding
What is Pertussis?
“Whooping cough” - an acute respiratory disorder that has a whooping cough and copious secretions.
**greatest risk for severe disease or death in children under 1).
What type of precautions are used for pertussis?
droplet
S/S of pertussis
-common cold S/S
-severe coughing fits about 1-2 weeks after cold s/s
-violent rapid coughing
-loud “whooping” sounds upon inspiration
What kind of precautions are used for measles?
airborne
What is Pediculosis capitis?
Head lice
How many days can nits (head lice) hatch up to?
7-10 days
What do parents need to do for pediculosis capitis infestation?
Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels in HOT water.
-Anything that cannot be washed needs to be put in a sealed plastic bag for 10-14 days (jackets, seaters, hats, pillows, stuffed animals)
-furniture, carpets, and car seats need to be sprayed with over-the-counter products
How to apply ophthalmic ointment for child with bacterial conjunctivitis?
Administer think line to conjunctival sac.
What is the most effective way to prevent transmission of influenza?
Hand washing
How is Hep A spread?
Through food contamination
What is botulism?
A neurotoxin that can cause flaccid paralysis within hours of exposure.
*typically happens through contaminated food
*Pt will have vomiting and diarrhea
**CDC must be notified
What is Malaria?
vector-borne illness spread through mosquito bites
What is lyme disease?
vector-borne disease spreads through the bite of an infected tick.
“ring-like” rash or bulls-eye rash with erythema
How do you treat eczema (dermatitis)?
topical corticosteroids
Nursing care for post tonsillectomy
-observe for hemorrhage (frequent swallowing)
-cold, clear liquids
-Avoid brown/red liquids
What is Hirschsprung disease?
A portion of the large intestine is lacking in ganglion cells.
This leads to a lack of peristalsis and accumulation of bowel contents
Interventions for Hirschsprung disease?
Two surgeries
First surgery leads to ostomy to relieve obstructed area so bowls rest.
Low fiber
High calorie and protein
Frequent abdominal measurement
Enema/irrigation
What is pyloric stenosis?
Narrowing and thickening of the pyloric canal between stomach and duodenum
What is a major s/s of pyloric stenosis
projectile vomiting
What are actions that can calm and soothe an infant with cleft lip
rocking motion
