Exam 1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What was Plato’s model of diversity?
Typological thinking, everything is a type, and an ideal (Platonic ideal)
What was Aristotle’s model of diversity?
Typological thinking & scale of nature, ranking lower (less than) to higher. Humans are superior
What was Lamarack’s model of diversity?
Change through time & scale of nature, there was recognition of change, but change and evolution moved organisims up the ladder
What was Darwin & Wallace’s model of diversity?
Change through time with common ancestry, evolutiuon
How did Darwin and Wallace come to discover the theory of evolution?
It was discovered independently, they published their findings together
How long did Darwin wait to publish his findings?
20 years
What did Darwin and Wallace discover?
The mechanism of natural selection and the theme of common ancestry
What was the controversy about Darwin and Wallace’s discovery?
It upended the belief of creation and the higher and lower scale
What is the pattern of evolution?
Evidence that species have changed over time
What are some examples of change through time?
Extinction, Transitional forms, and Vestigial traits
Define Fossils
Traces of organisms that lived in the past
How old is the earth?
4.6 billion years old
When was the earliest life?
3.85 billion years ago
Fossil records
found, labeled and identified, shows extinctions of organisms that no longer exist
Define Transitional forms
Fossils that show gradual change over many years that transition its body form from one to another.
What did the bayling whales evolve from?
a terrestrial herbivore
Define Vestigal Trait
structure that exists but been has been reduced or serves no current purpose - while other organisms have a slightly altered version of that trait serves a purpose
Give an example of a vestigal trait
Human tailbone, Human hair standing, goosebumps, tonsils
Common Ancestry
Grouping of similar species : tend to live in the same region
Homology
Similarity of structure because they had a common ancestor with that structure.
What structures do all tetrapods have in their limbs
Radius, ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals and phalanges
Which two tetrapods limb structure modified to solve the same issue?
Bat and bird wings
Developmental Homology
Similarities of developmental pathways
At what stage does the developmental homology occur?
in the embryonic state
