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Social Psych of Leisure > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What are some features of non-evidence based approaches

A

laws, rules, decisions made based on common sense
quick process

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2
Q

What are some features of evidence-based approaches

A

evidence collected
alternative explanations addressed
theories developed
slow process

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3
Q

What is social psychology?

A

the scientific study of the way in which people’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people/factors in the social world

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4
Q

what is psychological social psychology

A

focus on peoples thoughts, feelings, behavior

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5
Q

what is sociological social psychology

A

focus on group processes, political influences

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6
Q

what are the three different types of social psychology approaches?

A

focus on the situation
focus on the person
focus on the situation and the person

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7
Q

what is an example of a focus on the situation approach

A

Stimulus-response approach (S-R), behaviorism

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8
Q

what is an example of a focus on the person approach

A

organism-response approach (O-R)
focus on personality traits, individual differences explaining behavior

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9
Q

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

A

discounting situational factors on person factors

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10
Q

What is an example of a focus on the situation and the person approach

A

stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R)
Interactionalism

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11
Q

What are the two models of interactionism?

A

Additive model - behavior dependent on person, situation, and the interaction between the two
Reciprocal model - person factors affect the situation that people are in

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12
Q

Who was Norman Triplett?

A
  • 1st social psychology study
  • 1st sport psychology study
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13
Q

Who was Max Ringelmann?

A

French agricultural engineer
Found evidence for social loafing with rope study

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14
Q

What are two examples of ethically questionable research studies?

A

Milgram experiment
Stanford prison experiment

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15
Q

What is the replication crisis?

A

Studies that have been published are later found to be impossible to replicate

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16
Q

What is positive psychology?

A

emphasis on the positive side of life

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17
Q

What are hypothetical constructs?

A

variables that are presumed to exist but are not directly measurable

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18
Q

What is an operational defintion?

A

a definition of a hypothetical construct based on how it can be measured

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19
Q

What is the objective approach to defining leisure?

Study These Flashcards
A

what people do

20
Q

What is the subjective approach to defining leisure?

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A

how people think and feel

21
Q

What is an external vantage point?

Study These Flashcards
A

what constitutes leisure is determined by the researcher

22
Q

What is an internal vantage point?

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A

what constitutes leisure is determined by the individual

23
Q

What is the experimental method to studying leisure

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A

researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions
measures the construct of interest
Randomization of large sample size
Evidence of causation

24
Q

What are the pros and cons of field experiments?

Study These Flashcards
A

less experimental control but more external applicability

25
What are some non-experimental study methods?
Surveys: most common Time-use Diaries: report activities throughout day or week Experience Sampling Method: answer questions at random or pre-determined times throughout the day Naturalistic Observation: observing in natural habitat Interviews:
26
What are the properties of leisure experiences
Emotions, moods, affect, valence arousal, activation cognitions time duration concentration, focus self consciousness, self awareness sense of mastery sense of freedom, autonomy sense of relatedness
27
What is the circumplex model of affect
two dimensional scale that all emotions vary on Valence (un/pleasant) and Arousal (de/activated)
28
What are the five emotions?
Interest Excitement Relaxation Happiness Boredom
29
What is Silvia's Appraisal Theory
two appraisals are important in determining if an activity will be interesting to people: Novelty-Complexity: activity evaluated as new, unexpected, complex, etc. Comprehensibility: people believe they have the skills/resources to understand it
30
Two happiness-related theories/frameworks
Broaden and build theory of positive emotions peak end rule
31
What is the broaden and build theory of positive emotions
negative emotions narrow one's focus and attention positive emotions broaden attention and thoughts and can lead to an upward spiral
32
What is the peak end rule
our memories of events are biased toward the peak and end of the experience
33
What is duration neglect
we do not consider the duration of an experience when evaluating them
34
What is a psychologically deep experience (PDE)
experiences that are special, out of the ordinary or meaningful FLOW is most common
35
What is flow?
the process of total involvement Conditions: clear goals, balance between skills and challenge, immediate and specific feedback Characteristics: sense of control, concentration, automaticity, loss of consciousness of the self, transformation of time, intrinsically motivating
36
What is engagement?
high levels of involvement in narratives Conditions: unfolding narratives, different forms of stories Characteristics: focused attention, feeling transported, deep understanding of characters, heightened emotions, effortless, time distortion, sense of self altered
37
What is Absorption?
Occur during relaxed experiences Conditions: NO narrative of performance goals Characteristics: effortless, time distortion, sense of altered self
38
What are the 4 frameworks of intensity of participation?
Serious leisure Specialization Involvement Passion
39
What are the important characteristics of serious leisure?
Commitment identification unique ethos sense of enduring benefits
40
What are the 2 four stage models of specialization?
MacFarlane: awareness, adoption, continued involvement, commitment Unruh: strangers, tourists, regulars, insiders Becoming a pro, becoming more particular about how they engage in activity
41
What are the facets of involvement?
Attraction Centrality Social Bonding Identity affirming Identity expression
42
What are the 7 elements of passion?
Toward an object, activity, concept or person Love Value/meaningful Motivational Integrated into identity Time and energy/ high engagement Duality
43
What are the two types of passion?
Harmonious - autonomous internalization, control, flexible, adaptive outcomes Obsessive - controlled internalization, pressure, rigid persistence, maladaptive outcomes
44
What is savoring?
efforts aimed at maintaining, enhancing, or prolonging positive experiences How people cope with good things
45
What is dampening?
attempts to down-regulate or stifle positive feelings

Social Psych of Leisure (2 decks)

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