Test- instruments, protocols, or techniques used to measure a quantity or quality Measurment- collecting data from test on the property or attribute of interest Evaluation and assessment- interpreting measurment data and making judgement by coomparing results with predetermined criteria or objective.

identifies movement capabilities and limitations as well as instructional need. Involves breaking down movements into component parts

Exam 1 Flashcards by Carson McKenzie

Meaning of Adapted Physical Education

an individualized program including physical and motor fitness, fundamental motor skills, and individual group games and sports designed to meet unique needs of individual

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Definition of adapted sport

refers to sport modified or created to meet the needs of individuals with disablities

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Aims and goals for an adapted physical education program

* Designed to meet long term unique needs

* Purpose: Self actualization

Aim: Phisically educcate individual

Program goal: Psychomotor<cognitive-affective></cognitive-affective>

<p>
content goal: fitness, rhythm/dance, aquatic, sport and games</p>

</cognitive-affective>

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Laws important to adapted physical education and sport

i. IDEA section 504 of the rehabilitaion act of 1973
ii. the Olympic and Amatuer Spots Act
iii. Americans Disabilities Act
iiii. No child left behind act
iv. Individuals with Disablilities Education Act

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Full inclusion and LRE

Full Inclusion: means educating students with disabilities with students without disablities

Least Restrictive Enviorment (LRE): Educators in the LRE students with and without disabilities are educated together

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Advantages of inclusion

*provides students with more stimulating enviorment

*provides increased oppurtunities for students with disabilities to develop social skills

*development of friendship among students with and without disablilities

*provides skilled rolemodels that foster the development of skill

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Possible problems in inclusions

* students with disabilities may recieve less attention

*Some teachers are not prepared for inclusion, or they lack they motivation

* Students without disablilities will be held back inthere educational development

* too expensive

* schools use it as a way of saving money by combining students and not providing support services

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Functions of adapted physical education teachers

identify unique needs
Determine appropriate instructional settings and suppot services
individualized instruction
Adapted Activities
prepare regular PE students for inclusion
Prepare support personel

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Preparing regular physical education students for inclusions

* Invite guest speakers

* role play

*Let students interact

* Leaad by example

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An integration continuum for sport participation

regular sport
regular sport with accomidation
regular and adapted sport
adapted sport inergrated
Adapted spore segrgated

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Sport organizations

Multi sport- training and athletic competition in sports for individuals with a particular disablilities.

* seven sport organization affiliated with USOC

Uni sport- single sport for those with a single disability or multiple disabilities

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Special Olympics unified sports

Sled Hockey

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Terminology

Test- instruments, protocols, or techniques used to measure a quantity or quality
Measurment- collecting data from test on the property or attribute of interest
Evaluation and assessment- interpreting measurment data and making judgement by coomparing results with predetermined criteria or objective.

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Norm-referenced Standards

Comparison of one students performance against the others from a particular peer group with similar characteristic.

*(percentiles, z-scores,t-scores)

* Test large pop. or defined groups

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Criterion-Referenced Standards

Comparison of individual scores to absolute levelof mastery or predetermined criterion

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Alternative approaches

Gathering of data through a variety of testing means and enviormental conditions

( checklist, rubrics, task analysis, portfolios)

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Task analysis

identifies movement capabilities and limitations as well as instructional need.
Involves breaking down movements into component parts

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Portfolio

Purposeful integrated collection of exhibits and work samples showing effort, progress, and achievement

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Response to Intervention

consists of tiers of intervention strategies that can be employed in class to determine if strugling learners need specialized services.

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Test instruments used in adapted physical education

Reflexes and reaction: Milani-componetti motor development screening for infants and young children
Measuring rudimentary movements: Pebody developmental motor skills
Measuring fundamental movement: Test of gross motor development-2
Measuring specialized activity movement: Sports skills program guides
Measuring Physical Activity: Activity gram

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Individualized programs for students with unique needs in physical education

child with disability

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Components of the IEP

present level of pevormance and aacademic achievement
Measureable academic and functional annual goals
Measuring and reporting progress to parent
statement of special education and related services and supplementary aids
statement of participation in regular settings activities
statement of alternate assessment accomodations
schedule of services
transition services
Transfer of right at age of majority (18yeas old)

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Applied behavior analysis (ABA)

scientic approach for discovering enviormental variables. application of reinforcement learning theory derived from operant psychology.

* Operant conditioning

* Contingency management

behavioral modeling or observation learning

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Reinforcement

stimulus event that increases or maintain the frequency of a response.

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Procedures for increasing behavior

Shaping Chaining Prompting Fading Modeling Token Economy Contingency management

Procedures for decreasing behavior

\* reinforcment of other behavior \* reinforcement of incompatible behavior \* reinforcement of low response rate \*Punishment \*Time out

Functional behavior assessment and positive behavior support plan

Psychoeducational approach

\*veiws inappropriate behavior as students attempt to cope with their enviorment. \* believes academic failure and mibehavior can be remediated

Psychodynamic approach

strives to improve emotional functioning and help students understant why they are misbehaving

Biogenic approach

focus on neurophysiological dysfunction

Social story

describes a situation, skill, or concept in terms of relevant social cues, perspectives, and common responses in a specifically defined style and format. The goal of a Social Story™ is to share accurate social information in a patient and reassuring manner that is easily understood by its audience.

Floor time

interactive experiences that are child directed in a low stimulus environment

Maslow’s theory of self-actualization

\* Humanistic Approach \* Self actualization esteem needs belonging need safety need physiological needs

Universal design for learning

suggest that instructions should be designed from tthe start with all learners in mind.

Differentiated instruction

The three-tiered approach of the RTI model

Top down approach

age appropriate movement skills should be the focus of instruuction

Bottom-up/developmental approach

developmentally focused cirriculum

Equipment, rules, environment, and instruction adaptations

activity modification

Teaching styles

**Reproductive style** Command practice or task reciprocal self check inclusion or invatation **Productive Style** guided discovery convergent dicovery divergent discovery

Class format

Levels of prompts

**Physical prompting**:touching the student **Visual prompt**: demostration **Verbal Prompt:** sound, word **no prompt**

Be able to develop a table of factors for general task analysis in one motor skill

size distance weight accuracy speed acceleration or decelleration direction

Impairment

Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.

Disability

Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being as a result of an impairment.

Handicap

Nature and extent of a person’s involvement in life situations in relation to impairment, activities, health conditions, and contextual factors

medical model of disability

is a sociopolitical model by which illness or disability, being the result of a physical condition, and which is intrinsic to the individual (it is part of that individual’s own body), may reduce the individual's quality of life, and causes clear disadvantages to the individual

social model of disability

a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values. The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers, negative attitudes and exclusion by society

Prejudice and Discrimination

Prejudice (inaccurate beliefs or attitudes) discrimination (acting on these inaccurate beliefs or attitudes)

Criteria for “Good” Adaptations

* Promotes interaction and interplay * Meets the needs of all students in class * Improves or maintains self-esteem * Provides physical activity * Provides a safe experience for all

Effective Teachers Adapt Their Instruction To

* The nature of the content being taught * Their personal skills and preferences * The characteristics of the learners * The teaching context

Accommodation

equal access and opportunity

Modification

alter something to meet his/her needs

Adaptation

When you make an accommodation or modification, you will be adapting material

Ways to facilitate social inclusion

Discuss ways in which general physical educators can remove barriers to social acceptance and interactions Discuss ways general physical educators can foster more interactions between students with and without disabilities. Have a positive attitude Be the teacher for all students in your general education classes Model appropriate behavior Include the child in as many activities possible Reinforce positive interactions Be knowledgeable about the child

what standards are used when test to the last comparision of an individual performance outcome with a pre-established criteria

Criterion test

what standards are used when test to last comparision of an individual performance outcome the performance of other individuals with similar characteristics

Normal reference test

which of the following is a major advantage of using norm reference test in adapted physical education

test large or defined groups

what kind of testing tools measures the presence or absence of skills and behaviors

Checklist

what kind of testing tools allows you to distinguish between performance levels based on clear criteria.

Quanitative & qualitative

when the student has a disability but does not meet the criteria for qualifiers for special education services provided by the IDEA she might be entitiled to appropriate adaptations acommidations and services to meet her individual needs is provided in

section 504 plan

the written document required by the IDEA for all students age 3-21 with disabilities is called

IEP

IDEA provides for addressing the developmental needs for infants and toddlers with disabilities and is documented in

IFSP

which of the following is not a related services according to the IDEA

modified equipment that might be necessary to help a student to achieve its measureable goal will be listed in what component of the IEP

• statements and services and complimentary aids

which component of the IEP deals with the preapreing of the student to move from a school based program to a community based option

Transition services

. which of the following people is not required to be in the IEP team by the IDEA

• the childs physician

which of the following behavior management approaching encourages improves by emotional function helping students understand why they are functioning inappropriately

psychodynamic

a stimulus event that increases or maintains the frequency of a behavioral response is called

positive reinfocement

which of these reinforcement methods uses highly preferred activities to elicit less preferred activities

preemack

all of the following are correct regarding antecedent event except

• essential to understand behavior shape

the process of applied behavior conalises?? establishing refers to

• the frequency or intensity or duration of target behavior

the schedule of reinforcement produces consistent response rate because the individual cannot predict when reinforcement will occur

• variable interval

administering reinforcement contingent on learning and performing as a control step of new skill once learned are considered essential is called

shaping

when a group of teenagers with behavioral problems discusses which process of behaviors each person needs to demonstrate while all over an overnight camping trip varies in which psycho educational strategy

self determing goals

educational applications of the ecological approach are designed to do all but which of the following

• make individuals fit diverse enviornments

this new leptic medications is frequently prescribed for severe behavioral disorders and combatants

Haldol

The stage of cognitive functioning in which children are able to think hypothetically and abstractly is the

formal operations stage

Organizational methods that are particularly useful in teaching students with intellectual disabilities include ## Footnote a. learning stations, peer instruction, community-based instruction, and partial participation b. concrete experiences, data-based teaching, ecological task analysis, and behavior management c. exploration, problem solving, guided discovery, and independent study d. all of the above e. a and b

This neuroleptic medication is frequently prescribed for severe behavior disorders marked by aggressiveness and combativeness.

Hadol

Atlantoaxial subluxation

a malalignment of the cervical vertebrae

. Intermittent, limited, extensive, and pervasive are classification levels of intellectual disabilities. Tor F

A significant sociocultural factor that portrays the relation between aberrant adult behavior and a spiraling incidence of behavioral disabilities is

Substance abuse

Transitions from gym to classroom, often difficult for students with behavioral disorders, can be made easier by employing

relaxation

The sequence of skills essential to the technique of active listening is

attending, listening, and responding

An I-message has all of these components except ## Footnote a. an expression of the feelings produced by a behavior b. a concrete effect that a behavior is having on the person sending the message c. an attempt by the message sender to interpret what has occurred during the behavioral episode d. a nonjudgmental description of the behavior causing a problem e. an effective confrontational statement

A three-step program that begins with the comment "Please do . . ." and ends with a technique such as a time-out is called ## Footnote

a precision request

13. A system of positive behavioral supports would employ all of the following except ## Footnote a. determining the function of undesirable behavior b. determining an appropriate alternative behavior c. determining how positive responses will be reinforced d. determining how to catch a student misbehaving e. determining consequences for instances of problem behavior

Quay's classification system

conduct disorder psychotic behavior motor excess anxiety-withdrawal

Which one of the following is the cause of vision loss before birth?

Albinism

Exam 1 Flashcards

(91 cards)