Exam 1

Question 1

How old is the Earth?

Answer 1

4.6 billion years

Question 2

First life on Earth?

Answer 2

3.7 BYA

Question 3

First Multi-celled organisms?

Answer 3

1.5 BYA

Question 4

Explosion of plants and animals

Answer 4

600 MYA

Question 5

First Homo Sapiens?

Answer 5

200,000 years ago

Question 6

Heterotrophs

Answer 6

Eat premade organic things

Question 7

Autotrophs

Answer 7

Make own organic compounds

Question 8

Taxonomy

Answer 8

Classifying Organisms

Question 9

Categories of Taxonomy

Answer 9

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 10

Domains

Answer 10

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

Question 11

6 Kingdom System

Answer 11

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria

Question 12

Live in extreme environments, look like bacteria, biochemical differences between the two

Answer 12

Archebacteria

Question 13

Domain of Animals

Answer 13

Eukarya

Question 14

Historic morphological criteria for dividing into phyla

Answer 14

symmetry, gut type, segmentation, embryonic development

Question 15

Common phyla

Answer 15

sponges, cniderians, echinoderms, chordates, flatworms, molluscs, annelids (segmented worms), arthropods, nematodes (round worms)

Question 16

phylum sponges characteristic

Answer 16

no symmetry

Question 17

phylum cnidaria characteristics

Answer 17

true tissues, radial symmetry, incomplete digestive tract, stinging cells (anemone, jellyfish)

Question 18

phylum flatworms

Answer 18

not segmented, simple digestive and nervous system (tapeworms)

Question 19

phylum roundworms

Answer 19

complete digestive system, shed skin (human pinworm)

Question 20

phylum segmented worms

Answer 20

complex circulatory system (earthworms)

Question 21

Phylum mollusks

Answer 21

unsegmented soft body, external or internal shell, has a mantle (fold in soft body that secretes shell) (snails, octopus)

Question 22

phylum arthropoda

Answer 22

jointed appendages, chiton exoskeleton which they shed (insects, crustaceans)

Question 23

Phylum echinoderms

Answer 23

“Spiny skin,” Pentaradial symmetry (starfish)

Question 24

phylum chordata

Answer 24

Most, but not all, are vertebrates

Question 25

Class: cartilage fish

Answer 25

vertebrates: sharks, rays

Question 26

Class: bony fish

Answer 26

vertebrates: tuna, goldfish, swordfish, etc.

Question 27

Class: amphibians

Answer 27

vertebrates: Toads, true frogs, salamanders

Question 28

class: reptiles

Answer 28

vertebrates: turtles, lizards, snakes

Question 29

class: birds

Answer 29

vertebrates, cardinal, heron, bluejay

Question 30

class: mammals

Answer 30

vertebrates, dog, cat, whale

Question 31

class: insects

Answer 31

ants, grasshoppers, butterflies

Question 32

class: crustaceans

Answer 32

crab, rolly polly, shrimp

Question 33

class: arachnids

Answer 33

spiders, ticks

Question 34

dichotomous key

Answer 34

used for identification, compiled of two-choice questions

Question 35

white pine ID

Answer 35

needles come in packs of 5, each 3-5 in long

Question 36

white pine ecological fact

Answer 36

16 species of songbirds eat the seeds

Question 37

yellow pine ID

Answer 37

needles come in packs of 2 or 3

Question 38

yellow pine ecological fact

Answer 38

one of the biggest sources of softwood in the US

Question 39

spruce ID

Answer 39

sharp and square, can be rolled between fingers

Question 40

spruce ecological fact

Answer 40

commonly used for making furniture

Question 41

eastern hemlock ID

Answer 41

needles short, flat, attached to branch by tiny petiole, grown in a flat plane (not all directions around the branch)

Question 42

Eastern hemlock ecological fact

Answer 42

thrives in north facing locations

Question 43

Fir ID

Answer 43

flat needles, attached without tiny petiole

Question 44

Fir uses

Answer 44

used for doors and windows

Question 45

rhododendron ID

Answer 45

Leaves are thick and evergreen, flowers range in color

Question 46

rhododendron uses

Answer 46

used for making bowls and spoons

Question 47

Order: Caudata

Answer 47

Caudal=tail, salamanders

Question 48

Order: Anura

Answer 48

True Frogs, Tree Frogs, Toads

Question 49

Life Cycle of Amphibeans

Answer 49

egg, tadpole, tadpole with 2 legs, tadpole with 4 legs, adult (salamanders keep tale)

Question 50

Frogs and toads are vocal

Answer 50

for breeding

Question 51

Frogs vs toads

Answer 51

adult frogs swim well, toads do not

Question 52

tree frog vs true frogs

Answer 52

true frogs live in or near water, tree frogs do not have webbed feet and their feet are sticky so they can climb

Question 53

Salamanders characteristics

Answer 53

moist porous skin, no claws

Question 54

WNC is the

Answer 54

salamander capital of the world

Question 55

requirements for lungless salamanders

Answer 55

must be very tiny and in well oxygenated water

Question 56

ephemeral ponds

Answer 56

ponds that are only there in spring

Question 57

bird characteristics

Answer 57

wings, feathers, warm-blooded

Question 58

sexual dimorphism

Answer 58

male and females looking vastly different (mallard ducks, cardinals)

Question 59

why do birds sing

Answer 59

attract mates and defend territory

Question 60

ecology definitions

Answer 60

1 study of interactions between organisms and their environments 2 study of the factors that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms

Question 61

abiotic factors that affect distribution and abundance

Answer 61

water, temperature, terrain, soil texture

Question 62

limiting factor concept

Answer 62

the one thing inhibiting something from living or thriving somewhere (trout unable to lay eggs in the Swannanoa river because of the sediment)

Question 63

Niche concept

Answer 63

competing species have different patterns of resource use