Exam 1

Question 1

What are ions?

Answer 1

Atoms that have gained or losss a valence electrons

Question 2

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 2

Shares at least one pair of electrons

Question 3

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 3

One electrons takes away from another electrons.
Ionic bonds don’t share

Question 4

What does OILRIG mean

Answer 4

An atom that gains an electron is reduced
An atom that losesman
Oxidation is Loss
Reduction is Gain

Question 5

What does OILRIG mean

Answer 5

An atom that gains an electron is reduced
An atom that losesman
Oxidation is Loss
Reduction is Gain

Question 6

What is a bond?

Answer 6

A force of attraction between atoms or ions
Thus it is energy

Question 7

Where is energy in ATP held?

Answer 7

In the high energy bonds between phosphate groups

Question 8

What does it mean when something has a high phosphate group?

Answer 8

It means that they are unstable and can be easily broken
This is good because it makes it easier to release energy

Question 9

Why is water polar?

Answer 9

The atoms are negatively difference
Hydrogen atoms are partial positive charge
Oxygen atoms are partial negative charge

Question 10

What bonds are intermolecular and intramolecular?

Answer 10

Hydrogen bonds are intermolecular within 2 molecules of water
Oxygen bonds are intramolecular within 1 molecule of water

Question 11

What are characteristics of water?

Answer 11

High specific heat
High heat of vaporization
Capillary action: allows water to be moved up through plants

Question 12

What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydropholic?

Answer 12

Hydrophobic does not dissolve in water and hydropholic dissolves in water

Question 13

What is an acid?

Answer 13

A substrate that can donate protons

Question 14

What is a base?

Answer 14

A substance that can accept protons

Question 15

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 15

The formation of a larger molecule with the release of water molecules

Question 16

What’ is hydrolysis

Answer 16

The break down of a chemical bond in the presence of water

Question 17

What are the elements of life

Answer 17

CHONP
CARBON
HYDROGEN
OXYGEN
NITROGEN
PHOSPHORUS

Question 18

WHAT ARE FUNCTIONS OPF CARBOHYDRATES?

Answer 18

Source of cellular fuel(glucose)
Structural molecules

Question 19

Monsahacride

Question 20

Disaccharides

Question 21

What are the three important disahcrides

Answer 21

Sucrose
Maltose
Glucose

Question 22

What is the suffix used for enzymes

Answer 22

ASE

Question 23

What polysaccharides does plants make?

Answer 23

Starch

Question 24

What is the central dogma of biology

Answer 24

DNA-RNA-PROTEIN

Question 25

What is the strand for dna and rna

Answer 25

DNA- double stranded RNA-single stranded

Question 26

Where does translation take place?

Answer 26

On the ribosome

Question 27

What does the transcription bubble contain?

Answer 27

RNA, dna template and rna transcripts

Question 28

How many rna polymerase does prokaryotes have?

Answer 28

One

Question 29

How many rna polymerase does eukaryotes have?

Answer 29

Three

Question 30

What a thefunctions of the ribosome

Answer 30

Forms peptide bonds Decodes the transcribes message

Question 31

Are lipids polar and non polar

Answer 31

Polar

Question 32

Why don’t oil and water mix?

Answer 32

Water is polar and oil is non polar

Question 33

What a re the main functions of triglycerides

Answer 33

Energy storage Insulation Protection

Question 34

What is the structure of steroids?

Answer 34

Interlocking four ring with differing functional group attached

Question 35

What are the functions of nucleic acids

Answer 35

Information storage Energy carriers Electron carriers

Question 36

What does tRNA do

Answer 36

Brings amino acids to the right location when needed

Question 37

What is the structure of protein?

Answer 37

Amine+carbonyl=peptide bond

Question 38

Here are motifs found?

Answer 38

In the secondary structure

Question 39

What are the 6 functions of membrane proteins?

Answer 39

Transport Receptors for signal transduction Attachment to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix Enzymatic activity Intercellular joining Cell-cell recognization

Question 40

What is diffusion?

Answer 40

Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 41

What is osmosis?

Answer 41

Diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 42

What is facilitated diffusion

Answer 42

It is the same as diffusion however the molecules require a protein helper.

Question 43

What are the three basic part of human cells?

Answer 43

PLASMA MEBMRANE CYTOPLASM NUCLEUS

Question 44

What are the functions of membrane proteins

Answer 44

Transport Cell cell recognition Intercellular joining Enzymatic activity Attachment to cytoskeleton Receptors for signal transduction

Question 45

What are the functions of membrane proteins

Answer 45

Transport Cell cell recognition Intercellular joining Enzymatic activity Attachment to cytoskeleton Receptors for signal transduction

Answer 46

Hyper ISO

Question 47

In

Question 48

In