exam 1

Question 1

everything in the universe that has mass and occupies space

Answer 1

matter

Question 2

property that defines quantity of matter

Answer 2

mass

Question 3

pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances

Answer 3

element

Question 4

particular kind of matter with uniform properties

Answer 4

substance

Question 5

if matter can be separated by a physical process it is….

Answer 5

mixture

Question 6

if matter cannot be separated by a physical process it is….

Answer 6

pure substance

Question 7

if a pure substance can be decomposed by a chemical reaction it is…

Answer 7

compound (ice [water])

Question 8

if a pure substance cannot be decomposed by a chemical reaction it is…

Answer 8

element (gold)

Question 9

if a mixture is uniform throughout it is…

Answer 9

homogenous (vinegar)

Question 10

if a mixture is not uniform throughout it is…

Answer 10

heterogenous (salad dressing)

Question 11

building blocks of matter

Answer 11

atoms

Question 12

groups of atoms chemically bonded to one another (typically neutral in charge)

Answer 12

molecules

Question 13

electrically charged either positive or negative

Answer 13

ions

Question 14

fundamental substance of matter and cannot be reduced by chemical means into simpler substances

Answer 14

elements

Question 15

result from chemical combination of elements (atoms bonded to one another)

Answer 15

compounds

Question 16

state of matter that has defined volume and shape

Answer 16

solid

Question 17

state of matter that has defined volume but not shape

Answer 17

liquid

Question 18

state of matter that has both undefined volume and shape

Answer 18

gas

Question 19

phase change going from a gas to liquid

Answer 19

condensation

Question 20

phase change going from a liquid to a solid

Answer 20

freezing

Question 21

phase change going from a gas to solid

Answer 21

deposition

Question 22

phase change going from a solid to liquid

Answer 22

melting

Question 23

phase change going from a liquid to gas

Answer 23

vaporization

Question 24

phase change going from a solid to gas

Answer 24

sublimation

Question 25

extensively tested explanation of a widely observed natural phenomena

Answer 25

scientific theory

Question 26

concise statement of a fundamental scientific principle, based on a pattern of repeated observations

Answer 26

scientific law

Question 27

electrons occupy the ______ portion of an atom

Answer 27

outer

Question 28

atoms that have identical counts of protons and electrons

Answer 28

neutral atoms

Question 29

form when an atom loses or gains electrons

Answer 29

ions

Question 30

type of ion that has lost one or more electrons, carries a positive charge

Answer 30

cation

Question 31

type of ion that has gained one or more electrons, carries a negative charge

Answer 31

anion

Question 32

the number of protons in an element

Answer 32

atomic number (Z)

Question 33

in a _______ reaction, atoms don't change identity

Answer 33

chemical

Question 34

in a _______ reaction, atoms can change identity

Answer 34

nuclear

Question 35

atoms of an element that have the same number of protons (and electrons) but different number of neutrons

Answer 35

isotopes